Argumentative synthesis on Same Sex Marriage Essays

Argumentative synthesis on Same Sex Marriage Essays Argumentative synthesis on Same Sex Marriage Essay Argumentative synthesis on Same Sex Marriage Essay n. d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. 16 States with Legal Gay Marriage and 33 States with Same-Sex Marriage Bans Gay Marriage ProCon. org. ProConorg Headlines. N. p. , n. d. Web. 21 Nov. 2013. Gordon A. Babst, Emily R. Gill, and Jason PiercesonMoral Argument, Religion, and Same-Sex Marriage: Advancing tne PuDllc n am MD: Lexington BadgettWhen Gay People Get Married: What Happens When Societies Legalize Same- Sex Marriage, New York: New York University Press, 2009. Sprigg, Peter. Gay Marriage Should Not Be Legal. Gay Marriage. Ed. Debra A. Miller. Detroit: Greenhaven Press, 2012. At Issue. Rpt. from The Top Ten Harms of Same-Sex Marriage. Family Research Council, 2011. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 23 Nov. 2013. POLITICO. POLITICO. N. p. , n. d. web. 21 NOV. 2013.. Nicholas Confessore Beyond New York, Gay Marriage Faces Hurdles, New York Times, June 26, 2011. Cristen Conger Does a Parents Gender Impact a Childs Success? , Discovery News, January 28, 2010. http://news. discovery. com. Sara Israelsen-Hartley Traditional Marriage Has Impact Beyond Faith, Deseret News, January 27, 2011. www. deseretnews. com. Chris Johnson 2011 to Bring New Marriage Fights Across U. S. , Washington Blade, Janua ry 13, 2011. www. washingtonblade. com.

Rachael Carson essays

Rachael Carson essays Would you want to know if the pesticides that were being sprayed on and around your homes would, in later years, cause cancer? That was Rachael Carsons intended purpose: to make the general public aware of the harmful pesticides used in and around their neighborhoods. Carson stated that chemical treatment of soils led to the destruction of beneficial biological species, and that such destruction resulted in imbalance to the ecosystem. In human safety, Carson pointed out the exposure to or ingestion of various products, each at individually safe levels, taken together, could lead to health problems (mental and cancer). Despite attempts by the chemical industry to dismiss Carsons science, her work is credited with beginning the American environmental movement, the creation of the Environment Protection Agency, and the 1972 ban on DDT. I dont believe that Rachael Carson had any weaknesses in her line of argument. She stated things that were clinically proven through extensive research that she concluded while working for seventeen years at the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The only problem with her argument is that she was just ahead of her time with all the information she was uncovering about the chemicals that were being used. People didnt think about their health, they just thought how the pesticides were going to help them. All the people wanted to hear was the positive aspects of agricultural chemicals. Her language was put in simple terms and was straight to the point with her statements and facts. She did this to allow the general public to be able to absorb the information she provided for their benefit. I also believe she put her information in simple text so that she would not come off as a know it all scientist trying to become famous for her research. Instead she wanted people to feel as she was simply putting out the information for the peoples benefit. We are s ...

Constitutional Government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Constitutional Government - Essay Example For example, federalism allows the national and local government to come together and formulate polices that may be used to regulate how the activities will be executed. However, during the policy making process the level of power and control between the national and local government is not equal, the national government may have more scope to exercise its authority and powers over the national government. A good example of a country that employs corporative federalism is the United States. The theory of federalism emerged after the Second World War and great depression that substantially affected the United State economy and the world at large (Schütze, 2009). The theory of cooperative federalism utilizes a comparison of the marble cake whereby, there is overlapping of responsibilities between the federal government and the state government. One of the major areas where there are such overlapping is on the area like education, security, finance to mention just but a few. For example, the state/local government was give given the mandate to determine the level of qualification among teachers as well as set standards for learners among different students. Any interference by the federal government on education affairs was faced with a lot of criticism by the affected parties. Under the theory of cooperative federalism the state had the powers and authority to supply funds to support education and security at the local level but was not suppose to interfere with administrative duties/responsibilities (Schütze, 2009). . On the contrary, the theory of dual federalism was established via the tenth constitutional amendment. The theory entails a system of governance where the national government is concern with foreign affairs while the state government are directly involved in managing and ruling citizens. Unlike cooperative federalism where authority and powers between the state and federal government are not

Plant and animal partnership Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Plant and animal partnership - Research Paper Example In the most fundamental relationship, animals need plants in order to get the most basic sustenance, outside of which animal life is not possible. This is because plants are able to manufacture their own organic matter to grow themselves, from sunlight and owing to their ability to make use of sunlight to do so with photosynthesis. On the other hand, such distinctions in roles between plants and animals are not clear cut and absolute, owing to the fact that some organisms, such as fungi, do not rely on chlorophyll to thrive, and yet are able to thrive as well, and can form the basis of life for some animals. Moreover, as early literature on plant and animals partnerships observe, some sponges and hydras, among others, are animals that also contain chlorophyll. Meanwhile it has been observed that where animals have chlorophyll and are able to grow their own food within, that chlorophyll eventually is traced to plant life. Fungi also thrive on organic materials that are based on plants , meanwhile. In general, therefore, the most fundamental relationship is that of plants being the providers of the organic matter on which animals and the rest of life rely on to survive. On the other hand, plants need carbon dioxide from animals to be able to perform the photosynthesis that is the originator of this relationship chain, and which allows plants to make the organic substance, glucose, on which the whole of the animal kingdom stands on (BBC, 2013; Farabee, 2007; Wilson, 2013; Reckitt Benckiser, n.d.; Brandt, 1882; Columbia University Press, 2013; Schulze et al., 2005, p. 602-605). The literature notes that a formal term used to denote the partnership relationship between plants and animals as symbiosis. In the examples above, where animal life is able to incorporate chlorophyll from plants and grow their own sustenance, the partnership is made evident by the fact that it is plants that are the ultimate source of the chlorophyll, and plants themselves benefit from the e xpiration of carbon dioxide from animals which they then need to perform photosynthesis. (Brandt, 1882; Schulze et al, 2005, pp. 602-605). On the other hand, the hallmark of true symbiotic relationships is that of two organisms that need each other in a fundamental way, without which both parties cannot survive, but the definition also extends to other kinds of relationships, but the distinguishing mark is that of mutual derived benefits and good from each other’s existence and fundamental ways of living and acting in their environments. For instance, in herbivores such as cockroaches and cows, the cows benefit from intestinal bacteria that allow for the breaking down of the cellulose that they eat. The bacteria meanwhile are able to thrive from that cellulose. Without the other, neither party is able to survive. On the other hand, both bacteria and cows rely on the plants to survive, even as the plants that they consume benefit from the respiration activities of both. More o bvious examples are the relationships between the fig and the fig wasp, where the fig wasps provide fertilizers that the fig thrives on, while the fig meanwhile provides food for the fig wasp larva. The same is true for the yucca moth and the yucca plant, where the same symbiotic relationship between plant and animal is observed (Columbia University Press, 2013; Schulze

Avoiding Alignment Trap Essay Example for Free

Avoiding Alignment Trap Essay This case analysis discusses the findings in the article ‘Avoiding the Alignment Trap’, where even though most companies are aware that IT must be aligned with business strategy in terms of aligning IT expenses with revenue growth, over 11% of companies that align IT with business strategy spend more than 13% on average on IT expenses with a resulting of less than 14% average in revenue growth. The objective of this case analysis is to recommend a governance arrangement that will lead most companies that are currently have less effective IT alignment with business alignment to IT-enabled growth where the cost of IT more than compensates with the revenue growth of the company. The recommendation is to adopt a Duopoly governance arrangement where both the CEO and CIO make decisions, form a committee to oversee IT decisions and business strategy decisions made by these leaders, and ensure adequate decision making and monitoring of performance based on IT and business-related decisions. The ISO 38500 can be used as a framework to monitor these decisions and evaluate IT decisions based on their effectiveness, alignment with overall strategy and the value they bring to the organization. CURRENT SITUATION According to the article, almost every company is aware that IT and business strategies must be aligned in order to gain competitive advantage in their industry. This means their IT spending must be matched with their growth strategies. To test this notion, the authors of this article surveyed 452 companies and received 504 responses. The survey determined the companies IT spending and 3-year sales compounding to determine annual growth rate. In their survey, they have found the following: 1.74% of these companies do not align IT to their business strategies. Companies allocate enough funds to their IT necessary to keep the systems running. It is not meant to add value to the business. As a result, their growth rate is 2% below on average on a three-year span 2.11% of these companies have highly aligned IT with business strategy, but not highly effective. Their IT spending was 13% higher than average and their revenue growth rate was 14% below average  3.8% of these companies spent 15% lower than average on IT that resulted in an 11% above average revenue growth rate. 4.7% of these companies spent 6% lower than average on IT that resulted in more than 35% above average revenue growth rate. To apply these findings against the different governance models, the 74% of companies that do not align IT to their business strategies have a Federal Model of Governance Arrangements. Federal Models are decisions made by leaders from different functional departments and in this type of Governance Model, they mostly pay more attention on Business Application Needs and less on IT Principles, IT Architecture Infrastructure Strategies. 11% of companies that are highly aligned and yet incur more spending than revenue growth fall to the Business Monarchy Governance Model. In this type of governance arrangements, decisions are made by senior business l eader. In the Charles Schwab example in the article, their governance arrangement is IT Monarchy. Their decisions were made by IS leader and put more emphasis on IT Architecture, Infrastructure strategies and have resulted in worst business application needs. CRITERIA To put an organization in an IT-enabled growth quadrant, an organization should adopt a Duopoly Model of governance arrangement where senior business leaders and IS leaders make decisions jointly. In other words, the CEO and CIO must work closely together to formulate the best IT principles and align it with the firm’s business strategy as a whole. Also, they must implement information technology that is less complex. In the words of Leonardo Da Vinci per the article ‘simplicity is the ultimate sophistication.’ By reducing complexity, the company builds simplified, standardized infrastructure rather than extensive customizing of information technology. With these 2 put together, it can result in effective IT governance which will enable growth in revenue in the future. Alternatives and Recommendations With respect to the article, the 85% of the companies that fall to the less effective quadrant in IT governance can start adopting a Duopoly Governance Arrangement where both the CEO and CIO work together and make decisions  jointly. With Duopoly, a committee can be formed to oversee IT decisions, rate the IT leadership by the CIOs continuous monitoring managers within the organization in their decision making oversight. However, some organizations do not adopt a duopoly governance arrangement due to its size. Therefore, the next governance arrangement that can be adopted by the organizations is the Business Monarchy where decisions are made by senior business leader. With this model, the business leader can ask for the financial manager’s help to identify the kinds of information and system the organization needs, perform cost-benefit analysis, evaluate options based on priority setting and needs assessment and determine what’s important and upgrade as benefit. Most of all, there must be adequate communication throughout the organization of the decision. The article suggests that to achieve an effective IT governance, companies must keep their IT environment simple. Although achieving a simple IT environment and standardizing it within the organization requires investment of time and money, in the future this can lead to lower costs. Even though complexity can still creep in, it is suggested that the company have an early-warning indicator that will keep track of IT spending with product development. If this ratio starts to increase, it is a sign that it’s time for another simplification. Down the road, companies can reach th e IT-enabled quadrant where costs are less and revenue growth is more. RISK MANAGEMENT PLAN To avoid the alignment trap, the best governance arrangement that can help an organization change its status from being trapped in aligning IT with business strategy to IT-enabled growth is to adapt a Duopoly governance arrangement where senior business leaders and IS leaders make decisions jointly-meaning the CEO and the CIO work closely together. Both these decision makers can form a committee to oversee IT decisions and ensure managers are monitored in their decision-making and oversight. They must also adapt a simple IT application; eliminate add-ons and replacing legacy systems. For guidance in decision making by the committee, the organizations can adopt ISO 38500 where the following 6 principles focuses on 3 main tasks. These 6 principles are: 1.Responsibility – everyone involved in the  committee should understand responsibilities and have the authority to meet those responsibilities 2.Strategy – aligning IT Strategy Organizational Strategy and analysing the current and future situations of the organization and consider both the needs of organization and those that can be done within its own IS department 3.Acquisitions – can be made after both careful and rational analysis. The acquisition decision must be transparent and justified 4.Performance – information systems are implemented such that service levels and quality levels meet the organization’s needs both now and in the future 5.Conformance – compliance with regulations legislations 6.Human Behaviour – ensures respect for current and evolving needs of all individuals involved The 3 main tasks are: 1.Evaluate current and future needs on a continual basis – focuses on continual improvement incorporates the principles above both now and in the future 2.Preparation and Implementation of investment plans – the committee needs to make sure that responsibilities for plans and policies are clearly being assigned 3.Monitor performance and conformance to policies against the plans – crucial in monitoring expected service levels being met. If this is not done properly, then there won’t be appropriate information for decision making. Reaching the IT-enabled quadrant is not easy and it involves a big investment in simplifying the IT used within the organization. This is why most organizations focuses temporarily on effectiveness of IT implementations within the organization more than alignment of IT with organizational strategy. This means giving up specific applications customized on a particular division in order to achieve its desired performance and centralizing and simplifying a good part of the IT function.

Chinua Achebes Arrow of God Essay -- Chinua Achebe Arrow of God

Chinua Achebe's Arrow of God Chinua Achebe's Arrow of God is set in the 1920's, before secularism became dominant. It begins with the image of a mask, when he tells his son not to carve the mask of a god for the white man. The mask is a symbol of change. The whole world is changing, and the people who do not change will not survive. The old priest, Ezeulu, desires change, but he cannot do it. He cannot force himself to leave the old ways behind and adopt the new ways. Thus, he sends one of his sons to learn from the white man. He cannot do it himself. This novel shows the life and death of an Igbo priest in a battle between traditional tribal religion and missionary Christianity. The ways in which this confrontation is played out also repeat. A Christian church is set up in a traditional village. The Christians have two attitudes regarding traditional religion. John Goodcountry's enthusiasm inspires Oduche, the Christian son of Chief Priest Ezeulu, to capture the sacred python. Goodcountry is opposed by Moses Unachukwu, who may be open to both cultures out of pragmatic motives, since he appreciates the religious and economic power of the white man, and he hopes to profit from that power. Ezeulu has mixed feelings. He sends Oduche to the missionaries in order to gain access to their wisdom, but he fears the aggressiveness of the new religion. However, his devotion to his god, Ulu, is unquestionable, as is seen in his participation in the New Yam festival. Ezeulu, the main character of the novel, is sincere when he refuses to obey Winterbottom's summons to Okperi because such behavior does not befit his sacred role. Ezeulu stands up for what he believes is right, as his god reveals it to him, even when there is no profit in it for himself. He even loses much by saying the truth. Thus, he is like a saint. Ezeulu has a negative side too. He wonders if he is merely the tool of Ulu. Does he have any personal power, himself? Could he refuse to authorize the New Yam Harvest Festival? At the other extreme, he has bad dreams about being dishonored together with his god. As the story proceeds, Ezeulu feels more and more alienated from his community. They do not support him, and they do not even admit that he was right when they get bad effects from their headstrong actions. They go against Ezeulu's advice, and things go bad... ...orld of change, the old priest is not flexible enough to adapt, so he is swept aside. The story of the old priest is actually the story of all his people in all the six villages. They forget their religion, and they accept the religion of their conquerors. Ezeulu forgets first, and then the people forget. The people created the god Ulu when they united the six villages to form Umuaro. Ezeulu wrestles with the people on behalf of the god Ulu, since he forgets that Ulu was made to serve the people. They were not made to serve Ulu. The priest fails to understand his relationship to the god and the community. He is supposed to serve the community, but he is trying to force them to serve his god. This is the source of his downfall. When Ezeulu is released from prison, it is raining, and he feels like it is healing and restoring him. But his pride will make him do the wrong thing again. He has suffered, and now he wants revenge, but he will only destroy himself and those he loves. He sees that others suffer because of their own actions, but he does not take responsibility for his own suffering. He just goes insane. Bibliography: Arrow of God, by Chinua Achebe

Ashford Week 1 Quiz Eng225: Intro Film Essay

1. Question : How many acts does the most basic narrative structure in film consists of? Two CORRECT Three Five Seven 2. Question : Which setting seems most appropriate for a film about emotional isolation? A crowded city A small town CORRECT An abandoned outpost A college campus 3. Question : Which character in a movie is the audience meant to identify with? CORRECT The protagonist The antagonist The love interest The straight man 4. Question : What is the most likely reason that theatrical movies have survived competition from television and various home video formats? CORRECT They are communal experiences They are less expensive to distribute They are less expensive to attend They are easier to access 5. Question : Which film would qualify as a small-budget film? CORRECT Paranormal Activity Titanic Avatar 6. Question : Who is primarily responsible for the visual representation of a film’s story? CORRECT The cinematographer The editor The director 7. Question : A good film critic is likely to do which of the following? Student Answer: CORRECT Examine a film on many levels Rely on personal impressions Express opinions Make superficial observations 8. Question : Why are there fewer professional film critics in print media now than there once were? There are fewer movies being made Movies are becoming less popular with print audiences CORRECT Media outlets are increasingly hiring wire-service critics 9. Question : In a scene from Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, the title characters are holed up inside a building discussing their plans for future bank robberies while the audience is shown the entire Bolivian army gathering outside to kill them. The filmmakers are making use of what literary element in this scene? CORRECT Dramatic irony Metaphor Allegory 10. Question : Which of the following is a demonstration of media literacy? Knowing the names of the actors and director of a movie CORRECT Recognizing how a movie manipulates the audience’s reactions to it Enjoying a movie as simple entertainment

Biology Adaptation

Adaptation Definition: Adaptation is the process of how organisms develop special structures and internal processes to enable them to live in their environment. Definition: Adaptation is the process of how organisms develop special structures and internal processes to enable them to live in their environment. Organisms can be adapted in two ways: 1. Body structure (e. g. Small ears to reduce heat loss) 2. Body processes (e. g. Osmoregulation in salmon)General Biology Ii Study Guide (Online Class)There are several factors which cause adaptation to occur: Physical Factors * * * Other organisms * * * Adaptations Match the following animals to the adaptations below, and suggest why they are useful. Think about the habitat each animal lives in! * Polar Bear * Camel * Great White Shark Adaptation| Animal| How is this useful? | Thick Fur| Â  | Â  | Stream Lined Body| Â  | Â  | Fat stored in a hump| Â  | Â  | Ability to close nostrils| Â  | Â  | Fins| Â  | Â  | Ability to smell blo od| Â  | Â  | Small ears| Â  | Â  |White Fur| Â  | Â  | Gills| Â  | Â  | Large Claws| Â  | Â  | Sandy coloured hair| Â  | Â  | Long eye lashes| Â  | Â  | Large Feet| Â  | Â  | Sharp teeth| Â  | Â  | Layer of blubber| Â  | Â  | Adaptations in Plants Plants also have adaptations that help them survive better in their environment. Marram grass is a good example of a plant which is adapted to live in very dry conditions, for example on sand dune systems. The leaves of the marram grass are adapted to survive with the limited water available in the desert. Read also Lab 2 BiologyIn very dry conditions, the leaves of the marram grass roll up to form long tubes. This helps drain any water down towards the roots of the plant. Match the adaptations of the marram grass leaves with their function Waxy CuticleReduce water loss through transpiration Stomata sunk in pitsTrap a layer of moist air close to the leaf surface Leaf HairsProtects the stomata from the wind, reducing water loss through evaporation Rolled LeafReduces water loss through evaporation

Iq Testing And Grouping Essays - Intelligence, Psychometrics

Iq Testing And Grouping Essays - Intelligence, Psychometrics Iq Testing And Grouping Running Head: IQ TESTING AND GROUPING INTELLIGENCE TESTING AND GROUPING RON WILLIAMS PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EDUCATIONAL TESTING CAMPBELL UNIVERSITY DR. FATICA IQ TESTING AND GROUPING 2 In defining intelligence, there has always been the question of whether intelligence is measured as a remarkable occurrence or if it has many variables that are combined. For example, is it how smart a person is? Or is it their ability to perform well on standardized tests? Are they measuring a persons intelligence? Or just some arbitrary quantity of the persons IQ? Or is it a mixture of survival, mathematical, social and other abilities. There are many debates regarding whether measuring intelligence is determined from test scores and results, or if it is measured by the persons ability to process and problem solve. Uses of intelligence testing in an educational setting, intelligence and achievement tests are administered routinely to assess individual accomplishment. They are used to improve instruction and curriculum planning. High schools use these tests to assist in the students future educational planning and help decide what college or type of college to attend. Elementary schools utilize screening and testing procedures to help determine readiness for writing and reading placement. Intelligence can be measured, by intelligence tests, among them the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Scale. These tests are intended to determine an individuals intelligence quotient (IQ). Intelligence tests usually provide an estimate of global cognitive functioning as well as information about functioning within more specific domains. Intelligence tests are quite stable compared to measures of other human traits. However, the degree of stability increases with age such that early childhood a nd preschool measures of intellectual function are far less predictive of later functioning than assessments taken during middle childhood. The stability of intelligence test scores may change as a function due to important environmental factors. Therefore, intelligence test scores are descriptive of a childs functioning at that point in time when taking a test. The test scores could also be effected by environmental factors, childs psychiatric status or educational program. IQ TESTING AND GROUPING 3 Components of a good intelligence test are (a) Validity; does the test really measure intelligence and not something else? (b) Reliability; does the test produce consistent measures? (c) Norms; are the participants being fairly compared? Components that make an intelligence test flawed are (a) Poor validity; tests may be sensitive to social factors. (b) Poor norms; comparing people who are different. (c) Poor application; tests measure something that the school or job has nothing to do with. Theories of Process Psychometric Model Psychometric approach is defined as psychology that deals with the design, administration, and interpretation of quantitative tests for the measurement of psychological variables such as intelligence, aptitude, and personality traits. There are various psychometric approaches to intelligence. The following paragraphs describe three different theorists and their psychometric model. First is Charles Spearman, who believed that intelligence is a combination of two parts. According to his two-factory theory of intelligence, the performance of any intellectual act requires some combination of g, (general intelligence factor) which is available to the same individual to the same degree for all intellectual acts. (Specific factors) or s is specific to that act and varies in strength from one act to another. S is specific knowledge such as verbal reasoning or spatial problem solving. Spearman equated g with mental energy. If one knows how a person perfo rms on one task that is highly saturated with g, one can safely predict a similar level of performance for another highly g saturated task. The prediction of performance on tasks with high s factors is less accurate. Thus, the most important information to have about a persons intellectual ability is an estimate of their g or mental energy (Plucker 1989). Guilfords theory includes 150 abilities, arranged in three dimensions; contents, operations, and products. Guilfords three-dimensional Structure of Intellect classified intellectual acts into 120 separate categories. These categories are operations dimension, products dimension and material IQ TESTING AND GROUPING 4 or content dimension. He developed firm convictions regarding the ability of individual difference among people. Guilford believed that intelligence is much too complicated to be subsumed by a few primary mental abilities and g factor. His systematic theory gave rise to what is known as

Color Psychology In Marketing The Complete Guide [Free Download]

Color Psychology In Marketing The Complete Guide [Free Download] In content marketing, color is an emotional cue. In an ocean of content marketing, color can help yours stand out. Its what  gets your audience to see what you want them to see, feel what you want them to feel, and to do what you want them to do. Which hues  you choose can  also affect usability  and  whether content is  readable it or not. This is what makes  understanding color psychology so important for the success of your content. However, poor  color choice can also negatively change the impact of your message. Get it wrong, and your great content and your amazing call to action  will be easily ignored. Even NASA is concerned about color;  enough so that they provide free online resources  to help non-designers choose just the right shades. After reading this post, youll understand basic color theory and psychology. Plus, weve included a free hex color chart to make  picking the right colors with easy with any design tool. Ready to become an expert? Lets jump in! Table of Contents: Basics of Color Theory Primary Colors Secondary Colors Tertiary Colors Pure Color Tints Shades Tones The Complete Color Wheel Using Contrast Choosing Color Combos Using Complementary Colors Addressing Color-Blindness Using Split-Complementary Colors Using Analagous Colors Using Monochromatic Colors Using Triangle, Rectangle, and Square Colors Psychology of Colors in Marketing Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Purple Pink Brown Gold Black White Bright Colors Cultural Colors Word Associations With Color Preferences by Gender Mood and Emotions Brand Recognition TestingThe Know It All Guide To #ColorPsychology In Marketing + The Best Hex Chart Let's Start With The Basics Of Color Theory Understanding how color works isn't just for artists dipping their hands into paint and pigments all day long. Anyone in marketing needs to understand the basics of color theory because no matter what you are using color in your content. Back To Top Primary Color Primary colors are the three colors that make all other colors. They are red, blue, and yellow. These three colors can be used to create the next level of colors, called the secondary colors. Exceptions, of course, abound when it comes to talking about primary colors. If you're talking color theory in regards to light, your primary colors would be cyan, magenta, and yellow. Let's not forget CMYK for print and RGB for screens or monitors. And, when mixing paint, it matters what particular pigment you're using to get that red in order to come up with the proper new color. But let's keep this simple and stick with red, blue, and yellow. Back To Top Secondary Color Secondary colors are purple, green, and orange. They are created using the primary colors. If you look on the color wheel, you'll find the secondary colors in between two primary colors. Color Guide: red + blue = purple blue + yellow = green red + yellow = orangeBack To Top Tertiary Color Tertiary colors take  secondary colors one step further. They are the "two-name" colors, such as red-purple, red-orange, yellow-green, etc. They are created by adding more of one primary color than the other creating not a true secondary color. It ends up being closer to the primary color. Back To Top Pure Color Primary, secondary, and tertiary colors, without the addition of white, black, or a third color, are pure (or saturated) colors. They are intense, bright, cheery, and untainted colors. These are the colors of children's toys, daycare decor, and summer clothes. Back To Top Tints When white is added to a pure color, you get a tint. Some people refer to these as pastel colors. They are lighter and paler than a pure color, and not as intense. Tints range from slightly whiter to almost-white. Back To Top Shades When black is added to a pure color, you create a shade. These darken and dull the brightness of pure colors, and range from slightly darker to almost black. Back To Top Tones When gray (black + white) is added to a pure color, you create a tone. You often hear people saying that a color needs to be "toned down", meaning it's too intense and they want to drop the level of intensity. Adding black and white in different amounts to a color subdues the intensity quickly. Back To Top The Completed Color Wheel Whew! So there we have it: a complete color wheel with primary, secondary, and tertiary colors, plus their tints, shades, and tones. You can see how it all fits together on the color wheel below. Cool colors are all on the left side of the wheel, in the blues and greens. The warm colors are all on the right side of the wheel, in the yellows and reds. Now that you understand color theory and the color wheel, you can start to use color purposefully in your content marketing. Back To Top Using Contrast Correctly With  Color When it comes to color techniques, the use of contrast is particularly important, and it's probably the one that will lead you to butt heads with your designer the most. Contrast is how one color stands apart from another. It's what makes text or objects distinguishable from the background. High contrast is when colors easily stand apart from each other. Low contrast is when they don't. Often, people assume a difference in color is what creates contrast, but that's not true. You might have two colors that are completely different  but have no contrast at all because  their tone is the same. To test out your colors contrast, turn them into grayscale and review their contrast. Colors, in their pure form, have inherent differences in how light and dark they are. Yellow is bright, for example, while blue is darker. Yellow  and orange  have little contrast with each other, despite being different colors. When different colors have the same tone (level of gray as you  just learned), they will not have much contrast, either. It isn't enough to simply pick two different colors when making decisions about contrast. Using High And Low Contrast Generally, high contrast is the best choice for important content, because it is most easily seen. Dark on light or light on dark–it's the easiest to read. It might not be exciting, but it is readable. One word of caution, though: If everything is high contrast, nothing stands out and it's tiring on the eye after a while. (e.g. Think of black computer screens with bright green text.) Designers often prefer low contrast techniques. They like to make things look beautiful, but beautiful isn't always the best for readability. Tone-on-tone similar colored combinations are very popular and while their subtlety is quite attractive, they are also difficult for people to read. Pro Tip: Try to find the balance between beautiful color schemes, and legibility for optimal clarity in your visuals. In order to use similar colors, while getting the contrast you desire, create a color scheme with both complementary and analogous colors. What's that? Let's keep reading! Choose #colors and contrast that is readable. Beautiful content that can't be read is a fail....Back To Top Choosing Color Combinations The color wheel can help you choose great color combinations for your call to action button, your infographics, and your lead collection pop-up. Keeping your color combinations simple will help you in the long run. A study from the  University of Toronto  showed on how people using  Adobe  Kuler revealed most people preferred simple color combinations that relied on only 2 to 3 favorite colors. People like simplicity; it makes your content easier to understand if they don't have to interpret it through many colors. And remember, color has meaning  so each color adds or takes away from your message. Too many colors make for a confusing message. So how do you choose those 2 or 3 colors? The color wheel can help. Using Complementary (Opposite) Colors Complementary color combinations make things stand out. Complementary colors are "opposite" colors. They are opposite of each other on the color wheel, meaning the one color they lack is that one opposite of them. They are geographically and color-wise the opposite, and provide a kind of visual tension because they are so opposed to each other. You might even notice that some of your favorite sport teams use  complementary colors. From football to hockey, opposite colors are used for some great color combinations. Blue is the opposite of orange. Red is the opposite of green. Yellow is the opposite of purple. Opposites attract! When the human eye sees a painting full of different kinds of greens, any bit of red is going to stand out amazingly well. Why? Because red is the opposite color of green. When the eye has been looking at a lot of the same color, it wants to see the opposite for a visual break. Using complementary colors is the easiest way to get something to stand out. Use them with caution to keep your content from being too visually jarring. You don't want 50% orange and 50% blue because neither color wins and it causes distress to the eyes. Pro Tip: pick a primary color as your main color, and then accent it with its complement color for more of a 7:3 ratio. This provides a beautiful color pairing, but also lets your eyes break on the opposite color. Let's look at the homepage as an example. What colors do you see? It's mainly  blue, but our most important button, the "Get Started Free Now" button, is orange. Orange  is the opposite color of blue. In a sea of dark blue,  your eye is going to naturally notice orange  faster than any other color. We also ensured that the orange button contrasted from the dark blue to make it even more visually present. Back To Top Caution: Addressing Color Blindness A quick word of caution:  Red and green, two complementary colors, present a sticky problem. Some people have  color blindness and cannot distinguish between certain colors, and red and green are a common problematic combination.Colors with heavy amounts of red and green in them get bungled up, too. Did you know that Facebook is blue because Mark Zuckerberg is red-green colorblind? He sees blues the best. The above example shows the three types of color blindness: Deuteranope, protanope, and tritanope. Similar to Mark who sees blue best, it's no wonder why blue is one of the more popular colors as it stretches even beyond color blindness. To help with color blindness when using  complementary colors, remember there must be high contrast. Try to never use a color solely as the information source. Include text in graphs and infographics whenever possible as well. High contrast and additional text  will ensure that even when color blindness is present, your visuals will be both readable and enjoyable to see. Back To Top Using Split Complementary Colors If you want to use three colors instead of just two, using split complementary color schemes is a way to capitalize on the power of complementary colors but add a third color to your palette. To use it, you'll choose one color as your base color, and then the two colors adjacent to its opposite. For example, if we decided to choose green as our main color, we'd look across the color wheel for its complementary color, red. Then, look to the two colors directly beside it. Now, we have green, red-orange, and red-purple for a perfect split complementary color scheme. A split complementary color scheme doesn't have quite the same level of tension that a complementary color scheme does, but it's still visually exciting for your eye. It also adds a level of variety to your color scheme that can be used in a very dynamic, meaningful way. Back To Top Using Analogous Colors Analogous colors sit next to each other on the color wheel. They are "related", a kind of family of colors that creates pleasing and relaxed visuals. They aren't jarring, opposite, or clashing. They also don't stand out from one another. Analogous colors can create subtle and beautiful content, but you may need to add  a complementary color to get any particular item to stand out. Back To Top Using Monochromatic Colors Monochromatic colors are a single color, with its tints, shades, and tones. They are even more soft and subtle than analogous colors since it's a color palette based on one single color. Monochromatic colors work great when paired with a single complementary color. On the website, we use monochromatic blue  colors with orange  for the content we want to get noticed. Most designers- when using complementary colors- pair a rich collection of monochromatic colors with a single complementary color. Pair a rich collection of monochromatic colors with a single complementary #color #design Back To Top Using Triangle, Rectangle And Square Colors It isn't difficult to create color combinations that stretch the boundaries of the easy power of complementary opposites and the related analogous and monochromatic palettes. All you need is a triangle, rectangle, and a square. A triangle (triad) is a color combination made of three colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. A rectangle (tetradic) is a color combination made of four colors that are made up of two complementary pairs. A square is similar to a rectangle palette, but the two sets of complementary pairs are colors evenly spaced around the circle. These three combinations can be visually noisy if you're not careful. The best application is to use one color as the dominant color, and the others for highlighting content. The triangle combination is particularly vibrant; three is a "stable" number and using three colors is visually stabilizing. Back To Top The Psychology of Colors in Marketing Color is an essential tool because it has an impact on how we think and behave. Color directs our eye where to look, what to do, and how to interpret something. It puts content into context. It helps us decide what's important and what's not.  That's precisely why, as a content marketer, you need to understand what colors mean  to people. While color psychology has been studied and analyzed over time, the psychological impact of color is still moderately subjective. We don't all react the same way to colors, as we all have previous experiences with colors from significant events, cultures, people, and  memories. However, there are a few generalities about how people respond to color, and that's what we're going to look at. Back To Top The Color Psychology of Red Red is a very powerful, dynamic color that reflects our physical needs whether to show affection and love, or to portray terror, fear,  and survival. Red is also a very energizing color that can portray friendliness and strength, but can also be demanding and show aggression depending on its context. Overall, if you're looking to have a really powerful presence or get someone's attention fast, red is your go-to color. Just remember to use it sparingly to avoid the extreme negative reactions it can so easily awaken. Red is commonly seen: Stop lights, Valentine's Day, and horror films. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  Orange Orange has a very interesting psychological meaning as it combines red's power and energy with yellow's friendliness and fun. The mix makes orange  a good representation of  physical comfort in our warmth, food, and shelter. (It even stimulates our appetite so watch out if you're hungry!) Orange is also known to be a color of motivation, lends  a positive attitude, and general enthusiasm for life. Overall, orange is great for bringing comfort in tough times, and creating a sense of fun or freedom in your visuals. Orange  is commonly seen:  Fruits, sporting events, and board games. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  Yellow Yellow is the epitome of joy, happiness, cheerfulness, optimism- you name it. Anything happy is almost always yellow. The wavelength of yellow is particularly long, making it  have one of the most powerful psychological meanings, while also being the easiest color to visibly see. (Did you know yellow is the first color infants respond to?) Whenever you need to lift someone's spirits, increase their confidence, or provide inspiration, use yellow. However, avoid using yellow too much because it's also known to  make us more critical causing self esteem issues, fear, or anxiety. Find the right balance of yellow to motivate rather than bring others down. Yellow  is commonly seen:  Traffic crossings and signs, smiley faces, and window-front displays. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  Green Green is a color of balance and harmony. It lends us a clearer sense of right from wrong since green  incorporates  a balance of both the logical and emotional. Green is one of the most-seen  colors in nature reflecting life, rest, and peace. It  is also a sign of growth, whether that's in a physical object like plants  or in our income and wealth. Overall, if you're looking to portray health,  rest, and to relieve stress, green is your color. While green does have minor negative aspects like over-possession and materialism, it has a more positive affect than most other colors. Green  is commonly seen:  Nature, economic exchange,  health-based stores, and restaurants. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  Blue Blue is known for its trust and dependability. It's reliable, responsible, and mentally soothing. For that reason alone, it's one of the most-liked colors across the entire world. Unlike red, blue lends a more mental reaction rather than physical that allows us to destress, calm down, and think of the most ideal situation. Unfortunately, it also is one of the last colors to be seen, and can be perceived as distant, cold, or unfriendly if used it great amounts. Overall, blue is a well-liked color that can bring a sense of calmness and trust when building relationships, especially in marketing. Blue  is commonly seen:  Workout facilities, hospitals, and spas. Back To Top The Color Psychology of Purple Purple is most commonly known for its imagination and spirituality. It possesses the energy and power of red, with the stability and reliability of blue, making it a perfect balance between the physical and spiritual. Purple is often used to show luxury, loyalty, courage, mystery, and magic. It's a very intriguing color as it soothes, but also presents space for mystery and new ideas. This is why creativity is most often associated with the color purple. When using purple, avoid using it too often as it can also cause too much introspection or distraction as thoughts begin to wonder. Purple  is commonly seen:  Magic shows, fairy tales, and luxury products. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  Pink Pink is a softer, less intense version of red that creates a sense of compassion and unconditional love. While it's a very physical color, it soothes rather than stimulates, making it a perfect color for caring, understanding, and nurturing those in need. Pink is a sign of hope. It  is also known to be very romantic as it shows empathy and sensitivity. If too much pink is used, it can be very draining, show a lack of power, and even immature. Overall, pink can be a great counter-option to the color red when used appropriately. Pink is commonly seen:  Cancer patients, little kid objects, and bathroom  products. Back To Top The Color Psychology of Brown Brown, while maybe not the most visual stimulating color, is a great sign of structure, security, and protection. Whether it's family, friends, and material possessions, brown offers constant support. It's also a very serious, down to earth color you  can use where black might be too intense. The downfall to brown is that it's the most safe color and can seem reserved, scheduled, and boring. Overall, use it when necessary, but don't depend on it too  heavily. Brown  is commonly seen:  Campgrounds, home furnishings, and coffee shops. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  Gold Gold has quite a few different meanings depending on your culture. Across the world, though, gold consistently represents some variation  of charm, confidence,  luxury, and treasure. It  also can have an element of friendliness, abundance, and prosperity that is naturally attractive. Too much gold, however, can seem egotistical, proud, and self-righteous. Similar to colors like brown and black,  try to use gold more sparingly to highlight rather than be the main attraction. Gold  is commonly seen:  Luxury products, rings, and trophies. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  Black Black is a color of sophistication, seriousness, control, and independence. Although, it can also be used to show evil, mystery, depression, and even death. Black is  a very reserved color that completely lacks any light  as its an absence  of all the colors. It likes to stay hidden, in control, and separate from others. For this reason, black is a great color for high contrast and easy legibility. Unfortunately, since its a very powerful color, too much black can cause sadness and overall negativity so use it sparingly and in your text more so than the visuals itself. Black is commonly seen:  Professional attire, luxury products, and limos. Back To Top The Color Psychology of  White White is color that is complete and pure,  making it a perfect example of purity, innocence, cleanliness, and peace. White can also represent  new beginnings, providing a blank slate, and gives refreshment for new ideas. Since white has an equal balance of all the colors, it can exemplify several meanings, with equality outweighing them all. White is a great color for simplicity, cleanliness, and idea creation; however, avoid using too much white as it can cause isolation, loneliness, and emptiness. White  is commonly seen:  Weddings, website backgrounds, and doctor's waiting rooms. More Scientific Findings of Color Back To Top Bright Colors Faber Birren, a 20th-century color researcher and author of  Color Psychology And Color Therapy, discovered something interesting about general color groups. He  found that bright light and bright colors promoted "big muscle" activity, while softer and deeper colors promoted mental and visual tasks better. He also discovered that red stimulates our nervous system while blue relaxes it. Red and related colors also caused people to overestimate the passage of time  while cooler colors like green and blue were the reverse. That means that: Bright colors promote physical activity  but make the passage of time seem slower. Cooler and softer colors are better for mental activity and make the time seem to fly by.Cooler and softer #colors are better for mental activity and make the time seem to fly by!Back To Top Cultural Color Color also means different things in different cultures. According to researcher Joe Hallock "Eskimos use 17 words for white as applied to different snow conditions, where in the Northwest United States there are only 4 or 5." Every culture understands a color differently. It has a role to play in religion, politics, ceremony, and art. The culture your audience is in affects how they understand deeper meanings of color. Even the context you use the color in affects the meaning of color. For example, in India, red means purity, while in the U.S. it denotes passion and specific holidays. Back To Top Word Connections To  Color In a survey, people were asked to choose the color they associated with particular words. Trust:  Most chose the color blue (34%), followed by white (21%) and green (11%) Security:  Blue came out on top (28%), followed by black (16%) and green (12%) Speed:  Red was overwhelmingly the favorite (76%) Cheapness:  Orange came first (26%), followed by yellow (22%) and brown (13%) High Quality:  Black was the clear winner (43%), then blue (20%) High Tech:  This was almost evenly split, with black the top choice (26%) and blue and gray second (both 23%) Reliability:  Blue was the top choice (43%), followed by black (24%) Courage:  Most chose purple (29%), then red (28%), and finally blue (22%) Fear/Terror:  Red came in first (41%) followed by black (38%) Fun:  Orange was the top choice (28%), followed closely by yellow (26%) and then purple (17%) Blue is clearly a color people are positively drawn to, but beyond that, little else can be said. Depending upon the context of the rest of your content, black can mean high quality and trust, or it can mean fear and terror. It can't do it on its own, but surrounded by your content, a color choice can bump up your intended meaning a notch. Blue is one of the most preferred colors, with the most positive connotations. #color #creativityBack To Top Preferred  Colors By Gender Compiling the results of many studies, the Kissmetrics blog came up with an excellent infographic  on how men and women experience and react to color differently. Men and women have different color preferences. According to both the Kissmetrics blog and  Hallock: Blue is the favored color by both men (57%) and women (35%), though it is more heavily favored by men. Men dislike brown the most while women dislike orange the most. Colors that were disliked were also seen as "cheap." Men tolerate achromatic colors (i.e. shades of gray) better. Women preferred tints while men preferred pure or shaded colors. A majority of men (56%) and women (76%) preferred cool colors in general. Orange and yellow grow increasingly disliked as both genders get older. Women see more colors than men, generally. They are more aware of slight color differences within a color range. This may explain why men simply call the color blue...blue. Women, on the other hand, see cerulean, sky, teal, turquoise, and all sorts of varieties of blue. Perhaps it is a combination of being able to visually see more differentiation and considering it worthy of a more specific name. Perhaps men are better able to tolerate both colorless and bright color palettes because they aren't as sensitive to the nature and nuances of the color as women seem to be. Did you know that women see more colors than men? #color #contentmarketingWhat does this mean for you? Well, is your audience mostly men or is it women? What age are they? Do the colors you're using in your content marketing attract or repel that audience? If your audience is women, in particular, you must carefully choose colors that are not too raucous. If you are selling a luxury product, you want to avoid colors that are seen as cheap. Back To Top Mood Colors And Emotions (Infographic) There are a few generalized understandings of what specific colors often mean to a large cross-section of people, with each color having negative and positive emotions associated with it. Back To Top Color Brand Recognition How people behave when they see color has a direct effect on your conversions. Will they click the button on your CTA? Will they read your pop-up graphic? Will they notice your email subscription box? According to the Institute for Color Research, people make a judgment about your content in  90 seconds or less. And, up to 90% of that judgment in that brief amount of time is influenced by the colors they see.  Blogger Neil Patel gives further proof of how colors affect your conversion rate, revealing that 85% of consumers base buying decisions on color, and that full-color ads in magazines get recognized 26% more often than plain old black and white ads. In fact, color helps people recognize your brand by up to 80%. It's important to choose your color carefully, and stick with it. When it comes to getting people to click a button or sign up, it's not a question of which color is magic and makes it happen all the time. It's a question of passive and active colors, of high and low contrasts, and of opposites, like our example where the orange  button stood out from the blue. And it's a question of which color tested best for you. Recommended Reading: How To Create A Marketing Strategy That Will Skyrocket Your Results By 9,360% Back To Top Testing Your Best Colors: A Case Study The color combination of orange and blue is a powerful one. It's fairly safe in respects to color blindness, and repeatedly gets favorable marks by people as a combination. But is it enough to just pick a great combination? Not at all; you need to know how to use those colors individually. Let's look at and our Facebook promotions as an example. We've created several designs over the last year, some  with a blue backgrounds, and others  with orange backgrounds. The promotions with the orange backgrounds  consistently made people  more likely to click than those with the blue backgrounds! It made sense, though. Think about Facebook. It is a predominantly blue network, and so our orange image stood out more than our blue image did. This doesn't mean that orange is the color you must use. It means we tested our two colors and found that orange worked the best Test your colors to find out which colors will make people click into your content more often.It means we tested our two colors and found that orange worked the best for us on Facebook. It might even vary from social network to social network so make sure that you do your own testing. What worked on Facebook might look different than Twitter. You need to find out if your red button beats your green button (as Hubspot discovered) on your own. The color of the rest of the page, your content, and the placement objects will make your results different from what someone else has discovered. Back To Top Now You're A  Color Psychology  Expert! Color in general is fascinating to study, from both a theory and psychological standpoint. From Newton, Goethe, Itten, Hering, Young-Helmholtz, Birren, or  Mà ¼ller  (yes, there have been many theories on color throughout history),  the lowly color wheel has been considered and reconsidered again and again. The effect color has on us and our behavior has been studied repeatedly. When it comes to choosing colors, you must test.  You cannot know how your audience will respond to your colors in your content and layout without creating thoughtful A/B tests to determine which color combinations and placements generate the most leads and traffic in your content.

Affirmative Action Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Affirmative Action - Essay Example The phrase â€Å"affirmative action† was introduced by Executive Order 10925. EO 10925 was issued by U.S. President John F. Kennedy in 1961, which urged employers to actively adopt policies and safeguards against discriminatory practices in their workplace. Four years after, EO 11246 made it mandatory for federal contractors and subcontractors to: (1) identify underutilized minorities, (2) assess availability of minorities, and if available, (3) to set goals and timetables to fill vacancies with minorities with the aim of reducing such underutilization. In 1967, EO 11375 extended the benefits of AA to women. The further expansion of the application of AA was made possible by the U.S. Supreme Court when it promulgated the Bakke decision. In this case the Court was asked to rule whether or not it was unconstitutional for universities to give preference for blacks and minorities in admitting applicants for placement, because it violated the doctrine of â€Å"equal protections of the laws.† The Court ruled that â€Å"racial preferences are permissible if their purpose is to improve racial diversity among students, and if they do not stipulate fixed minority quotas but take race into account as one factor among many (Dworkin, 79). Today, AA is more widely observed, but as employment prospects and educational placements become more competitive, more people are raising questions about the propriety and fairness of AA. In defense of affirmative action According to the study by Bowen & Bok (cited by Dworkin, 79), the success of racial integration is attributable to AA in education, because it has enabled a higher rate of graduation among African American students, which led to more African American leaders in industry, professionals, community leaders, and subsequently a more sustained interaction and lasting friendships among the races than would have been otherwise expected. The benefits of AA are not in themselves the moral argument; the argument is th at where for past centuries racial minorities have been constrained to live in conditions of extreme social and economic disadvantage, it is but right that AA provide for them now an advantage over the majority to make up for the adverse conditions they have been subjected to. The implications are more than merely symbolic, and the effects referred to are more than just economic. Present-day descendants of slaves and people of color start life from a position of disadvantage in institutionalized society as a result of the limitations imposed on their ancestors. This is known as the â€Å"stigma theory† (Soni, 581). Parents denied an education because of their race will provide little inspiration for their children to conceive of and aspire for such education. The moral precept that all people are created equal, to be applied with effect, refers to enabling individuals be perceived and regarded the respect of equals. AA not only provides reparation for the past, but more pragm atically speeds up the slow process of transforming social perception. An African American, or woman, or a person with a disability, are persons who, in aspiring for the opportunities provided by the equality clause, struggle under the weight of social perception which, while not discriminatory per se, tends to manifest in subtle ways of stereotyping that renders the â€Å"equality† superficial. In this manner, AA provides an active catalyst to accelerate the social transformation to true equality. Critique of affirmative action Detractors of AA point out that the policy has been implemented by positive and aggressive action â€Å"

The Creation of Youth Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Creation of Youth Culture - Essay Example Fashion has been considered as a cultural trend since it is associated with certain sets of groups and advances around influence. This paper, therefore, focuses on presenting how fashion is currently being used to identify certain youth culture identity. Rouse (1989) argues that fashion is about change for change sake and the illusion of novelty (Rouse, 1989, p126). By considering this argument, youths of the present generation have emerged, with a number of symbolic identities, to define a set of cultural identities. The symbolic identities are just fashions since they do not have significant meanings within the youths and their cultures. Citing a few examples, in this case, tattooing, the wearing of ornaments and masks are some of the most common fashion trends that youths currently consider identifying themselves with certain identities. Any youth is not under obligation to participate in the above practices since it is a matter of choice. This, therefore, draws a clear distinctio n between culture and fashion. Some youths may argue that tattoos make them feel adventurous while others would reason that it makes them remember a special person in their lives. Some youths also get tattoos in support of some campaign in some illness like breast cancer or some charity work. Contrary to what youths are inclined to these days, tattoos were used as a cultural scribe to churches in the olden days, which showed some signs in faith (Savage, 2007, p109). The ornaments worn by the youths, on the other hand, may signify birth dates and are given as birthday presents or those in a relationship as a sign of remembrance and love. The idea is that the ornament acts as a bond between the parties. Similarly, some ornaments symbolize authority. These are found among the people in positions of power like kings, queen, and some religious leaders. Wearing of masks has also become a common fashion identity among the youths.