Report on the Religious Life of Planet Earth Essay - 2

Report on the Religious Life of Planet Earth - Essay Example These include the religion of Islam which was revealed by the prophet Muhammad and its adherents are spread all over the world such as in the Middle Eastern countries (Swatos & Kivisto, 998). Second, the religion of Christianity is notably the largest faith and has its teachings firmly grounded in the Bible. Evidently, it has approximately over 2 billion followers in the entire. Buddhism is equally another famous religion which teaches the adherents on the best way of living in accordance to Siddharta Gautama (Swatos & Kivisto, 998). Hinduism is a religion in which the faithful have their ideas firmly founded on Indian religious beliefs. The Candomble religion represents an African driven belief system of religion that traces its origins and followers in Brazil. On the other hand, Taoism connotes ancient religious, philosophical tradition that has its belief founded in Chinese worldview. There are equally contemporary and growing religions such as the Bahai religion. The aforemention ed religions are just but a sample of the many religions in the Earth. Their existence and adherents that subscribe to the religions offer part of the proof of the religious nature of man on Earth. The belief in the existence of supernatural beings is a foundational precinct in the belief system of religious people. To this end, they acknowledge the existence of supernatural beings such as gods, spirits or a supreme God. Evidently, the belief in supernatural beings offers a connection to the existence and experiences of humans. For example, among Christians they believe in a supernatural being of God who is composed of three elements. That is, The Holy Spirit, God the Father and God the Son. In addition, they believe in Jesus Christ as the Son of God. On the other hand, the Islamic adherents believe in Allah as a supernatural being and in Muhammad as his prophet. The Hindus on their part believe in the existence of 330 million gods but in one supreme ultimate god known as the Brahman. Contemporary religions such as Bahai express their faith in Bahaullah as the reincarnation or

Person-Centered Therapy Essay Example for Free

Person-Centered Therapy Essay Person-Centered Therapy is a form of psychoanalytical counseling developed in the 1940s by Carl Rogers. The foundation of this form of therapy stemmed from Rogers’ belief that all people have an inherent desire to be good. Every person has a self-concept or an ideal self which represents what type of person they want to be or think they are. However, a person’s self-concept may not be reflected in their real life experiences and this incongruence creates psychological stress. Rogers’ main goal is to allow the client to explore where their incongruences are rooted and have the clients decide for themselves how to change their behaviors to fit their self-concept. Though the client may reflect on past experiences, Person-Centered Therapy focuses on the client’s current feelings and their current perceived self-worth. The ideal end result of this type of therapy is that the client experiences self-actualization through positive self-acceptance and personal growth. In Person-Centered Therapy the relationship between the client and counselor is crucial to eliciting any progress in the client. The counselor must provide an environment in which the client can disclose their deepest feelings comfortably and safely. This establishes trust in the relationship and allows the client to further explore their thoughts. The main components to Rogers’ theory is that the therapist must have unconditional positive regard for the client and must be able to empathize with them genuinely. To do this, the therapist should focus on the client’s positive attributes. Constant positive reinforcement given sincerely makes the client feel secure and supported and they will feel more comfortable speaking about their issues. This increases the likelihood that the client will attempt to make a change in their life. A second key element in Person-Centered Therapy is that it is non-directive therapy. The counselor does not try to direct the client in any part icular direction, but lets the client lead the discussion in their own direction. The counselor must allow the client to do so and encourage them to continue to explore that direction. This way, when the client does decide to make a change in his/her life, it is done on their own terms. That is the most important feature of this type of counseling. In terms of the Helping Skills Model, Person-Centered Therapy focuses primarily on the Exploration Stage. Rogers’ theory is based on the same principles that define the Exploration Stage. The Exploration Stage is a time where the therapist and client develop a rapport and where the therapist really learns about the client’s behavior and personality. The establishment of a trusting relationship between the therapist and client is the goal of the Exploration Stage and is critical for the Person-Centered Therapy theory to be effective. This type of therapy relies heavily on the use of restatements and open-ended questions to encourage the client to open up about their thoughts and emotions. The Exploration Stage and this type of therapy focus on mainly on the clients as they do most of the speaking. Person-Centered Therapy has its strengths and weaknesses/limitations. One important feature of this type of therapy is that the client does not become dependent on the therapist. If the therapy is done correctly, the client will become to realize that he/she is capable of changing his/her life on their own. This type of therapy empowers the client to take control of their issues and solve them independently and in favor of their own desires. Another strength of this type of therapy is that once the client realizes his/her full potential and has gained a high level of self-understanding, the need for therapy is no longer there. They can now go out into the world feeling confident about overcoming any future obstacles. A limitation for this theory of therapy is that it may seem too simple. The theory at its core basically says if someone is in a safe, unprejudiced environment and speak their thoughts to an empathizing person, they will solve their own issues. This means anybody can do this and no real professional is needed. Another limitation is that there is no direction given for clients who cannot come up with their own solutions. This can be very frustrating for both the therapist and client because there is no progress being made. If a client is not capable of realizing his/her own potential and recognize the changes that need to be in their life, there is nothing the counselor can really do without jeopardizing the high level of client autonomy this type of therapy allows. References Hill, C. E. (2009). Helping Skills: Facilitating exploration, insight, and action. (3rd ed.) Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Rogers, C. R. (1992). The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 60, 827-832. (Original article published 1957).

Essay --

In the time I have spent researching CPR and First Aid I have learned a lot about both procedures and have found that they go hand and hand. Even though yes both have difference. CPR is preformed on somebody who is experiencing cardiac arrest or respiratory arrest. Knowing how to perform CPR and first aid is very important. People experience cardiac arrest everyday and they are thankful for the person who responded and performed CPR to save there life. That is where First Aid comes in because First Aid is usually given by the first person to respond to someone who is in need of medical attention. Even though there is a lot of education on CPR out here in the world today, I still think people are not educated enough on the process and importance of CPR. That usually leads to people being scared to even try to learn and educate them self. I think CPR and first aid should really be a part of every work place. First Aid is not only a procedure but it also safety precaution. The world of medicine is constantly changing, so we have to educate ourself on the techniques of CPR and First Aid. These aspects are vital to everyones survival. CPR and first aid are a very important aspects in everyday life as well as in the medical field. Having knowledge and knowing how to perform CPR and First Aid can mean the difference of life or death. These two medical aspects are very serious inside the medical office and outside. As being in any medical profession you have to be certified in CPR. The reason for that is because you will be faced with emergency situations daily and knowing how to respond with the proper technique will make a huge difference in saving someone’s life. I have done ... ...to even examine the patient. First Aid is a basic skill every person should know in the medical profession. According to OSHA standards anyone in the medical field needs to be trained in First Aid, but OSHA does not actually have any standards on the performance of First Aid. In conclusion, no matter who you are you can preform these two important aspects of medical care to save someone’s life. CPR and First Aid are two both processes and take time to master, but everything pays off when you know you can save a persons life. This is the basics needed to become an affective medical assistant. My goal is to use these basic skills to provide a foundation that will help me in realizing my dreams of helping others. The MA is usually the first contact person for the patient so it would seem that they should know what they are doing in any medical situation.

KFC Holding Malaysia Essay

KFC began with Colonel Harland Sanders who discovered his penchant for cooking when he was only 9 years old. Through the years he grew up to become a personage the world knows as Colonel Sanders, founder of KFC. He reached celebrity status in 1952, when he decided to franchise his famous Kentucky Fried Chicken recipe blends of 11 herbs and spices to the rest of America. By the early 70’s, that special recipe reached Malaysia. KFC Holdings (Malaysia) Bhd is a branded chicken retail chain operator. KFC Holding Malaysia continues to serve finger lickin’ good, succulent pieces of chicken. The flavourful blends of 11 herbs and spices give KFC’s delicious aroma. With the chicken’s natural juices sealed-in, leaving a special mouth watering taste that cannot be replaced. KFC prides itself as a fast-food restaurant that give customers great tasting chicken with a selection of home-styled side dishes and desserts to make a wholesome, complete and satisfying meal. KFC chain of restaurants in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei, KFCH operates the home-grown Rasamas chain of restaurants, the Ayamas kiosks, and the Kedai Ayamas chain of convenience stores. We are also active in poultry production and processing and a variety of ancillary business. KFC Holding operates chain of restaurants in Malaysia, Singapore and Brunei (532 restaurants) and the new Rasamas chain of restaurants in Malaysia (about 37 outlets).The Group also owns approximately 27 Kedai Ayamas and 4 Ayamas Depots, making us the nation’s first branded chicken and chicken-based retail chain. The company also is a part of QSR Brands Bhd (QSR Brand) where is a leading, fully-integrated quick-service restaurant enterprise and the local franchisee and operator of the KFC and Pizza Hut restaurants.QSR Brands is in turn a subsidiary of Kulim (Malaysia) Berhad, a conglomerate focusing mainly on palm oil operations, oleochemicals, biodiesel production and quick service restaurants and also is engaged in the business of poultry processing, restaurant and property holding. After a successful restructuring exercise, KFC Holding has emerged as a strong player in the Malaysian corporate world with a high reputation for excellent products, efficient friendly service and financial strength. Indeed, KFC Holding is the only KFC restaurant operator in the world whose Western Quick Service Restaurant market share is greater than that of McDonald’s.

Inventory Management: Types of Inventory Essay

Introduction Inventory is defined as a stock or store of goods .generally speaking, inventory can be divided by two types: independent demand and dependent demand, independent demand is kind of demand which is no need to rely others types of item they are ordered by the external customers or manufacturer for stock and sale. If one type of inventory depends upon another item, take the example of car. The car as finished goods is as independent demand item, while the raw materials and components used in the manufacture of the finished Goods.The number of goods depends on the types of the firm. If the firm is a manufacturer, it must maintain some inventory of raw materials and work-in-process in order to keep the factory operating. In addition, finishedgoods are another necessary inventory for the firm to meet the customers who need the goods suddenly. The firm which has enough inventories to satisfy customer is a goodevaluation for the firm’s standard and itsstability, italso is a good way to save the costs of production fee. There are 8 types of inventories: buffer inventory, de-coupling inventory anticipation inventory, pipeline inventory raw materials, partially completed goods and maintenance inventory and in-transmit goods inventory. I will use an example as a cart factory with four types of inventories and it will be raw materials, work-in-progress, finished goods and maintenance tools. Body Raw materials Raw materialsare one of the inventory items that are used in the manufacturer’s conversion process to produce the semi-completive goods and finished productsTypically, raw materials are the things such as ore, grain, minerals, petroleum, chemicals, paper, wood, paint, steel, and food items.cart is kind of old tools using for transfer goods, because it can saving the cost of the production, and the electric cart can be using as a vehicle, so what is the comments of the cart Consider an example of a rolling cart. This cart consists of a top that is pressed from a sheet of steel, a frame formed from four steel bars, and a leg assembly consisting of four legs, rolled from sheet steel, each with a caster attached, so even one component’sof cartcannot be made of without any types of materials. And if the firm buy large amount of quantity ,the factory which provide the raw materials for the firm may use â€Å"quantity discount model†, it will bring the benefit both factory and the firm Thefigure below showsus the cost that the firm charges for the customers from different period: From the figure that we can know: If the ordering quantity is less than or equal to Q1 then purchase price is Cp1. If the ordering quantity is more than Q1 and less than Q2 then purchase price is Cp2. If the ordering quantity is greater than or equal to Q2 then purchase price is Cp3. But this figurecannot show us a continuous total cost curve, because the annual purchase cost breaks at two places namely at Q1 and Q2.It means the more quantities customer order, the total cost is lower, this model achieve the economy of scale the benefit achieved through economy of scale that he wants to pass it onto customer. The how a firm saves the money and how much it can save, thecalculation below briefly shows the process: Thefirm decides to order the logs from the factory, and the ordering size is Lot-For-Lot.supposing they order annual demand is 1500units per year, holding cost is $30 per unit per year,ordering cost is $50 unit per year, and if order less than80 units the cost will be $55 per unit, however. If the firm orders more 70 or equal to 70 will be $52.5 per unit.According the EOQ calculation, firm’s order demand around 707 units.so the firm only need toordering10 more units will get $2.5 per unit. So the total holding ordering, and item costs for the year=ï ¼Ë†Q/2ï ¼â€°H+(D/Q)+DP, according this formula, if the firm buy 80 units, the total cost will be $83571.42,if the firm buy 80 units, the total cost will be $79968.75,it means the firm can save $3602.67.So it is the effect from the â€Å"quantity discount model† Work-in-process Work-in-process also can calledpartially completed goods, or subassemblies that are no longer part of the raw materials inventory and not yet part of thefinished products, it is hard to calculate amount of partially completed goods, so it is time wasted and some part of production cost is also put in the partially completed goods, however, it is also a process that almost all the firm use to decide the amount of the finished goods. Actually, when many type of accessories and clothing produce by the factory they always need many processes to do, so all the partially completed goods will appear in the process, the picture of shoes factory are operating their workobviously, this is a conveyorsystem which is use to producing the sole, and it is working automatically, it means this factory is using the batch process. This process can make Jobs set up so they can be run to completion without manual intervention, so all input data are preselected through scripts, command-line parameters, or job control language. Unlike interactive processing that prompts the human user for a command, batch processing stores up several tasks and executes them while the computer is idle. This frees up memory for more exhaustive programs and speeds up productivity. But how the system work is? One system need one set of data files as input data, and then it can produce one set of output data, and the input data are collected and are processed into the diagram. There is no doubt that using batch process can bring some benefits to the shoes factory, first of all, it can deduce the waste of time, †time waste† is a costly problem, however ,the factory still hard to avoid this problem,however† batch process† is a good way to maintain the time,and it also avoid the worker supervision minute-by-minute. Finished goods Finished goods are completely manufactured products and they are ready to sale and send to the market .For example, clothing, computer is kind of finished goods, however, like orange apple cannot count into finish food, although it can sale to the customers. In order to explain finished good more clearly, I will use an example with ABC classification. ABC classification is a ranking system to identifying how useful and importance of those inventories for achieving business goals. The picture above are showing the exactly figure that how many percentage they have on both stock items and total inventory value. A refers to a very important inventory; it means the products will be high value but little stock refers to moderately important inventory, so all percentage of items and the products of value are balance. C refers to least important inventory, it means the products may be just hold the low value but the firm holds so many stocks about it. Normally, ABC classification system is used by the firm to controlling their inventories, forexample, one firm they are selling electronic products, and they want to saving the space so that they have to set the number of different types of inventory they want to keep, in order to saving the holding cost. Television is a high value product, so maybe not all the customers will buy it, and it is not always need from the customers, so it can put in the A level of classification. And now still have so many customers enjoying to buy PSP and mp4 to reach their entertainment purpose ,this kind of product’s value is medium, however. The firm may consider put these more than the products like television and computers, because the price is cheaper, so it will have more customers buy it with less consideration. And the C classification can related to the products like the mouse and keyboard, because of the cheap price, so many people willing to buying it without consideration.so in order to prevent the â€Å"stock out conditions, the firms will holding a lot of the inventory, in other words, this firm have safety stock which is held in excess of expect demand due to variable rate and lead time. Although it will increase the holding cost, however, it will bring the benefit for the firm, once the firm purchase a lot from the suppliers, it will get the discounts, so it can save the cost of productionand this firm has enough inventories, it can satisfy the customers and meet their requirement levels. Maintenance inventory Maintenance inventory is a type of special inventory which is not for sale. Why the firms need to keep there kind of inventory? These kinds of inventories always refer to something like the machine which is using to produce the raw materials. Normally the firm can exchange their goods with the suppliers when shelf life of the item expired, however, from the research we knows that only 50% of the organizations polled in a survey allowed maintenance any controls over their inventory, so finally they have to maintain the spoil or expiry inventory by their internal politics. So theywill prepared some machines to incase the machines are spoil when they are doing their work. And how are the firms going to controlling their maintenance inventory? Historical model is a good choice, historical system is a method of distributed smart client software construction and it is based on a model of software behavior as a graph of partially ordered facts. From the graph we can knows that how the historical system work, first of all, the firm will put the previous conversation and message’s figure as input data, and the machine can record and do the same work at the next time, for example, the gift card system is become common and normal in our daily life, we only know that is anautomatic machine, however, how is that work? The first step is to identify changes. The second steps is to refine changes, it means normally all the customer will not all have a same action, so the people who set the gift card figure, they also need to think of all the impossible condition as input data and type them in. The third step is to query the model, ask questions till the gift card machine can reply it correctly, and the fourth step is to repeat step one, two, three. Compare with the traditional models, The advantages of historical system are history makes a number of operations easy that are difficult when dealing with state, the historical model can recognizing and resolving conflicts between two parties, caching and synchronizing changes, and durably transmitting messages all become simple operations. Conclusion Inventory is use to achieving satisfaction level of customer service and keeping the inventory costs within the reasonable level. A successful company will have their effective inventory management, first of all, the company should have a complete system to keep track of inventory and the firm will have a reliable forecast of demand and reasonable estimate of holding costs, ordering costs and shortage costs. And if the firm have the classification inventories, what kind of benefit will bring to then, smoothing production requirements and decouple operations, in order to saving the cost of the workers. Safety stock is a strategy that a firm will use it to protect against stock out conditions. All most all the firm will keep inventory, because it can not only save the costs, but also it is convenient way, the firm can take advantage of order cycles, they no need to order the stocks so frequently, and it also can help hedge against price increase, and the most easy way is to take advantage of quality discounts, it is mean that the firm buy a large amount of inventory, normallythe suppliers always can give discounts when the firm buy the large amount of raw materials, and sometimes it can have another kind of conditions, maybe when the firm store the inventory and after that the price will increase, and because the firm already have the enough stocks, so it is another way to saving the cost of the products. Anyway inventory management is an important lesson for the firm Reference * E notes: Inventory types, available at http://www.enotes.com/inventory-types-reference/inventory-types, view on 29/01/2013 * Inventory models, available at http://cde.annauniv.edu/CourseMat/mba/sem2/dba1651/im.html,view on 29/01/2013 * Types of inventories: independent and dependent demand, available at http://www.managementstudyguide.com/types-of-inventories.htm.view on 31/01/2013 * Accounting tools, available at http://www.accountingtools.com/dictionary-work-in-process-inv,view on 31/01/2013 * From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia,02/02/2013 ,Batch process, Available at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batch_processing,view on 03/02/2013 * By terry wireman available at http://reliabilityweb.com/index.php/articles/maintenance_inventory_and_purchasing/,view on 03/02/2013 * Michael L Perry, 03/30/2009, what is historical modeling available at http://historicalmodeling.com/book/,view on 04/02/2013

History of Fingerprinting essays

History of Fingerprinting essays Forensic science used in criminal justice has recently been revolutionized with new DNA technology, but fingerprinting is still the most valid and effective form of identification used in law enforcement today. Going back in the time of ancient Babylon, fingerprints and ridge patterns were used on clay tablets for business transactions and governmental procedures. By the 14th century, the fact that no two prints were alike was becoming more noticeable, thus the history of the fingerprint began. Noting the ridges, spirals, and loops in fingerprints, Marcello Malpighi, a professor of anatomy at the University of Bologna, made no declaration to the value of personal identification, but began to point out the differences in fingerprint patterns in 1686. Then, in 1823, a professor of anatomy at the University of Breslau, John Evangelist Purkinji, discussed nine fingerprint patterns in a published thesis, but still did not take notice to the individuality of each print. It wasnt until 185 6 that Englishman and Chief Magistrate, Sir William Hershel, used fingerprints on native documents. After gathering many prints, Hershel took notice to the fact that all the prints were unique and could prove identity from all those he made transactions with. Dr. Henry Faulds, the British Surgeon-Superintendent of Tsukihi Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, shared his studies with Charles Darwin in 1880, but Darwin, who was rather ill at the time, could be of no service to Faulds studies. Eight years later, Sir Francis Galton, a British anthropologist and Darwins cousin, began to study Faulds articles on fingerprint classification. Galton began to concentrate on linking fingerprints to genetic history and intelligence, but had no luck. Scientifically proving that fingerprints never changed during ones lifetime, Galton stated that the odds of two prints to be exactly the same were 1 in 64 billion. In 1901, Sir Edward Richard Henry revised ...

Good Samaritan Law Essays

Good Samaritan Law Essays Good Samaritan Law Paper Good Samaritan Law Paper Essay Topic: Law The Good Samaritan Law is a legal principle that indemnifies a rescuer who has voluntarily helped a victim in distress from being sued for wrongdoing. Its purpose is to keep people from being reluctant to help a stranger in need for fear of legal repercussions in the event that they made some mistake while rendering assistance. It is worth helping out a road accident victim to give one a certain sense of accomplishment and peace of mind. Every year Road Safety Week is celebrated to make society aware about road safety and reaffirm our own responsibility. However, in spite of our best efforts, road accidents are common in India. It is found that every 12 minutes, an Indian dies on the road and ten times that number get injured. That a majority of accident victims are found to succumb in the absence of prompt medical assistance, is a fact we tend to overlook. It is really hard to believe that people who are otherwise rational and caring do not always come forward to assist victims of road accidents. Go to hospitals, there are umpteen cases where the victim is not given prompt medical attention. But why is this so? Over the years people have hesitated to involve themselves with helping people in peril, for fear of being sued. : The fear of police harassment often plays strongly in the minds of bystanders preventing them from helping a road accident victim. Truth to tell, this perception is not wholly without basis. It is even more detrimental when doctors and medical institutions, wait for police investigations to be over before the patient is treated. The question is, how should society move against this. Lets first consider the legal provisions. In the case of Pt Paramanand Katara vs Unionof India in 1989, the Supreme Court observed that treatment of the accident victim should not wait for the arrival of the police and completion of legalities. Failure on the part of any govt hospital to attend to such patients is a violation of Right to Life guaranteed under Article 21 of the Constitution. Moreover, in 1994, Section 134was added to the Motor Vehicles Act1988 (MVA) to cover the exigency of prompt medical attention to be given by medical institutions or doctors to accident victims without waiting for procedural formalities and fear of police harassment. Significantly, failure in this regard is punishable under Section 187 of MVA. CUTS. Safety Watch has taken up a campaign to popularise the idea of being Good Samaritans based on the above facts. It has successfully brought relevant government departments, police departments, and media and civil society organisations in the loop to strengthen the movement. The Film/TV industry often helps build misconception and thus is the next target of the CUTS campaign. A further chip to this movement would be to convince our government to ensure safeguard provisions for bystanders who are willing to help accident victims. We can draw examples from Good Samaritan Laws that exist in some of the developed countries, that safeguard the person from liability of civil damages other than gross negligence, in case of emergency or medical services.

Slangy, Trendy Words Are Still Words

Slangy, Trendy Words Are Still Words Slangy, Trendy Words Are Still Words Slangy, Trendy Words Are Still Words By Mark Nichol YOLO, but biatch, lose the moobs. What do these three words have in common? They are all enshrined in the English-speaking world’s long-reigning record of the language’s vocabulary. That’s right: The Oxford English Dictionary now includes YOLO, biatch, and moobs- and many people are not exactly squeeing about that. They think those words are at best cheeseball and at worst clifty, and they make them want to vom. And why should that prestigious publication stoop to validating these clearly dà ©classà © descriptors and the ones I employed in the previous sentences? Certainly, no self-respecting person would utter one of these abominations, would they? Such reactions are emphatically shared in online forums with clockwork regularity, as the OED is updated four times a year. And the counterargument is expressed with equal vigor each quarter: The OED, like any dictionary, is not a museum that exhibits only a circumscribed lexicography acceptable to readers and writers with high standards of self-expression. As should be clear from the frequency with which the OED is expanded, it is a living document that, for better or worse, accepts virtually all comers. It is a record of what English is, not what it should be. (Or, more formally, it is descriptive, not prescriptive.) But shouldn’t people be discouraged from using such execrable vocabulary? That is not the dictionary’s function. But aren’t many of these terms nonce words- ephemeral curiosities? Yes, many will fade away into obscurity, but not all of them will- nor should they. Our language is full of words once considered slang but now widely accepted (and used) without a second thought. The point is that sometime, somewhere, somehow, someone will read or hear YOLO and want to look it up to see what it means, or will want to find out the etymology of moobs. You may not have any reason to check the dictionary to confirm how to spell biatch. But someone will, whether you approve of the term or not. Not all of the new words being uploaded to the OED word-hoard are potentially objectionable (the list also includes the words chefdom, clickbait, and courtside and the open compounds â€Å"card leader† â€Å"cheek kiss,† and â€Å"cheer squad†), but just as, in championing free speech, we must accept (almost) anything someone might say, whether we like it or not, we must be open to not only slang like freemium and slacktivist but more potentially grating terms like the ones I used above. That doesn’t mean you have to like them. (But c’mon, YOLO, right?) Here are definitions of the neologisms I used in this post: biatch: a euphemism for bitch, used as a jocular or sincere insult card reader: a device that reads data from memory-storage devices or from credit cards and similar objects cheek kiss: a kiss on the cheek as opposed to one on the lips or elsewhere cheer squad: a unit of cheerleaders or similar performers cheeseball: a corny or silly person or thing, or a distasteful person or thing chefdom: the state of being a chef, or the community of chefs clickbait: online content with little intrinsic value that is presented to tempt site visits to click to multiple pages clifty: something or someone stupid courtside: the area adjacent to an athletic court freemium: something offered free but with hidden costs (a portmanteau word derived from free and premium) moobs: overdeveloped breasts on a man (a portmanteau word derived from man and boobs); also called man-boobs squeeing: the act of making a noise expressing delight or surprise slacktivist: a person who only superficially supports a cause (a portmanteau word derived from slack and activist) vom: a truncation of vomit YOLO: an acronym that stands for â€Å"You only live once,† expressed to support the decision to enjoy an experience Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Addressing A Letter to Two People15 Great Word Games7 Other Types of Pronouns

Sun Yat-sen Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sun Yat-sen - Essay Example It was later that he studied in Hawaii in the Guangzhou Medical School in 1886. Later on he transferred to the college of medicine in Hong Kong in the year of 1892. In times when he was completing his medicine he felt the urge to change the troubled China into a better place. It was in 1984 that Sun Yat Sen stopped his medical practice and entered into the political arena of China. During this time he wrote a letter to the governor recommending different policies which could be implemented to help China thrive. But these recommendations were put down by the governor and he ended up forming an organization known as Revive China Society. It was here that things changed for Sun Yat Sen and he turned out to become a revolutionary leader. In 1894-1895 the Sino Japanese War took place and Sun plotted a revolt against the government in the capital of his province. The revolt launched by Sun did not turn out to be successful and he went into self exile after the events. Sun got publicity abo ut his targets and aims in London when he was arrested by a Chinese delegation. Although Sun easily crept away from the authorities he did get enough publicity to become an icon for the whole China. It was then that Sun returned to Japan and was helped by people who had heard of him. From 1897 Sun began his secret revolutionary attempts to dethrone the government of China. Sun after several attempts tried to turn the governors of different provinces on his side. In the early twentieth century China was ruled by the Qing Dynasty and the aim of Sun was to dethrone the dynasty because of the miserable conditions that it had left China in. However in the early twentieth century the decreasing popularity of the Qing Dynasty helped pave ways for Sun so that he could successfully launch his revolts. The press in China got enough power to expose the Qing Dynasty and it was here that the popularity of Sun increased amongst the students. In 1904 with the help of several people and revolutiona ries Sun was able to form the United League which had to work against the Qing Dynasty. However later in the years he had to face many problems because of the league and went into despair when all the territories of China took an action against him. As he was facing problems from the territories he sought help from his revolutionaries and launched a revolt to capture the province of Ghuangzou but this attempt was again made unsuccessful. In the years following several revolutionaries took to roads and began capturing the states of China. A revolutionary group was finally able to overthrow the government in Wuhan and Sun was then elected the provisional president in the year of 1912. Sun had a weak delegation of members and hence he decided to resign in March 1912 after making a deal with a minister. Sun was later appointed as the director general of the railway development but later left the post and launched a revolt against his successor because of his alleged involvement in the a ssassination of the party’s head. The revolt against his successor failed once again and he had to suffer from other problems soon after. All his attempts to better the conditions of China were not successful and he had to face problems from his nationalist counterparts. In the latter years of his life Sun tried to organize his party but was still not able to take a good position in the assemblies of China. He died of cancer in the year of 1925. Sun Yat Sen is still remembered for his

A Crisis of trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

A Crisis of trust - Essay Example After the recession hit, trust has been the key in holding on to one’s place in the market. The post-recession world is one where trust delivered by the company has been ensuring brand loyalty by the consumers. But from time to time, high profile companies and organizations such as Google, Barclays, and Starbucks are surrounded by controversies not only damaging their image but also their relationship with their consumers. Controversies only find their way to the organization when the company fails to provide excellent customer service and starts rating their profits above their customers. Businesses and markets rely on the fundamental entity of trust to demonstrate stability and long term profitability. Barclays Plc. and LIBOR Recently one such example of rigged trust was seen with Barclays LIBOR scandal. Barclays is the 2nd largest bank in the United Kingdom and the 15th largest in the world. Barclays has established a strong reputation for itself over the years. But recentl y it became part of a controversy that has resulted not only in the resignation of its chief executive (Zhong, 2012) but also a fine of ?290 million (Bolger, 2012). Barclays plc suffered a serious blow to its reputation when it was found involved in lying about its LIBOR (London Inter Bank Offered Rates) rates. This resulted in Barclays illegally and unethically ending up with their consumer’s money in their pockets. ... ick Cooper of Millward Brown believes, ‘The situation for Barclays is incredibly serious; it has turned Barclays from being the hunter into potentially being the prey. That is a huge and very rapid turnaround. It would be a crying shame if Barclays disappeared but a lot of consumer trust in the brand has been lost’, (2012). In YouGov’s August 2012 poll, 17% of Barclay’s customers are considering switching their service (Rowe, 2012). Google Privacy Issues and Shattered Trust Ever since Google has been the leading search engine of the world, it has also been closely followed by issues in its privacy policy and how it handles its customer’s information and data. It is surrounded by privacy concerns in most of its products and services that it offers. A survey was recently conducted, which interviewed 1,317 people. 57% of the people were of the view that the Google Street View service was an intrusion in the private lives of the laymen (Do you know whoâ €™s watching you?, 2012). Consumers in this time of awareness are quite accustomed to their data being collected and used, but if the company does not follow adequate rules and regulations with regard to privacy management, the consumer is more than likely to show lack of trust and leave the use of that service altogether. Google has been encountering a number of privacy scandals for some time. According to the 2012 YouGov Brand Index, Google has been replaced by Amazon as the top Internet brand in Britain, due to its privacy controversies (‘Google’s â€Å"on Wane†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, 2012). Google, due to its flawed privacy policy, may be subjected to fine by the European Union as it has not fixed its privacy policy as per the CNIL request, and the EU has considered Google’s response to the request as ‘unsatisfactory’

How the media has altered public life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

How the media has altered public life - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that cell phones play a fundamental role in the lives of human beings in the present-day societies.   Recent statistics indicate that the ongoing mobile technology has had greatly impacted individuals today. Ranging from making relations easy to reducing the globe into a small community, it is of great magnitude to comprehend how the mobile technology has influenced communication around the globe today. The industry has also witnessed mobile technology that is more multifarious than the ones used in the preceding centuries. Such mobile phones include iPhones, for instance, the blackberry phones that comprise of copious features like cameras, data storage, games, and text messengers amongst other composite features. With all these features, it is almost obvious that these gadgets are likely to take over the lives of individuals in the society. The use of cell phones in the society almost has no specific age group. Most persons hold the vie w that use of cell phones allows them to develop a sense of identity in the public arena. Davenport, LaRose & Straubhaar indicate that the use of mobile phones in the contemporary society can be termed as a compulsory need by the populace. This, on a great percentage, has a lot to do with the way people interrelate with each other in the society. With the introduction of the iPhones, for instance, the blackberry phones, the society has in simple terms be reduced to an ‘iPhone society’.   

Learning Biometry and Statistics Personal Statement

Learning Biometry and Statistics - Personal Statement Example Over the years, I have been inspired to do an excellent job in my academic achievements and leadership. As a result, I received a 2210 on my SAT, and I received an 800 in Math II, 760 in Chemistry, and 750 in Biology on my SAT II. I have taken 5 AP exams include AP Calculus, AP statistics with 3 others this school year. Also, my GPA was 4.0, with a top 10% ranking in the most competitive school in New York City. Moreover, my interest in statistics has always been strong. In addition, I have had various experiences to help prepare me for a career in biometry and statistics including, but not limited to, helping people establish healthy lifestyles to obtaining social and scientific achievements. I love to study and perform research with statistical analysis. As a result, I completed a research project along with several of my friends using probabilistic modeling aimed at diminishing or removing atherosclerotic plaques in coronary arteries with robotic nanotechnology to improve heart function. During my past three summer vacations, I performed scientific research in Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York. This summer, I worked at Weill Cornell Medical College at Cornell University. During that time, I grew passionate about data analysis using statistics.

Global warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Global warming - Research Paper Example While considering meat’s entire lifecycle, a meat eater is said to contribute to 1.5 tons more greenhouse gases per year compared to a vegetarian. This fact has been revealed by a study conducted by the University of Chicago (Michael, 2009). By contrast, changing to a hybrid Toyota Prius from a Toyota Camry is expected to help humans get rid of one ton of greenhouse gases per year (Michael, 2009). Global meat production is increasing every year. This is found to be adding more global warming gases. Therefore it is said that one of the easiest ways to decrease the collective greenhouse gas emissions is to consume less meat. Similarly every human activity is blamed to be causing global warming. These findings appear to be amusing when we properly understand the nature of the process, global warming. Global warming is believed to be primarily caused by carbon dioxide emitted into atmosphere through the use of fossil fuels in vehicles. However we forget that natural water cycle is causing much more carbon-dioxide to come in and out of the atmosphere. Even though we cannot deny that human activities are contributing to warming of earth, it would be wrong to comment that global warming is completely human-made. Some of the causes of global warming are in the arctic region. The polar ice caps melt faster than they get evaporated. This process would be reversed in ten to twenty years. Human activities are causing less than three percent of greenhouse gas release into the atmosphere. Average world temperature is gradually increasing; this process is happening in the last one million years. This is long back the human activities started on earth. Global warming has been happening long back industries started emitting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. We are of the belief that carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere today will negatively affect human beings several hundred years later. This is however not true. The lifespan of carbon dioxide is only 20 year s. After 20 years, the emitted carbon dioxide would completely disappear from atmosphere. Sun has little role in heating the atmosphere. The high frequency radiation of sun does not heat atmosphere. Hot bodies like sun cannot release low frequency radiation called infrared radiation. Rather, the heat from the sun heats the earth’s surface. This process reduces the radiation to infrared. Heat moves into the atmosphere by different processes like conduction, convection and evaporation. The infrared radiation gets absorbed by carbon dioxide. Instead, the sun’s rays heats the Earth’s surface, this weakens the radiation to infrared. From there it moves in to the earth’s atmosphere by any means necessary (Conduction, convection, evaporation). Then the inferred radiation is absorbed by the CO2. Almost 97 percent of the heat in the atmosphere is caused by evaporation or convection. Greenhouse gases are not responsible for this warming of atmosphere (Mintzer, 1992 ). The climatic changes of these ages are negligible compared to the climatic changes of the ancient periods (Mintzer, 1992) (Mike, 2006). Water evaporation is the chief cause of global warming. Water evaporation is causing global warming 100 times more than carbon dioxide emission (Mike, 2006). Human activities

The History of Gregorian Chant Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The History of Gregorian Chant - Research Paper Example Bewerunge indicates that the name Gregorian chant points to Gregory the Great (590-604), to whom an appealing steady custom ascribes a convinced final understanding of the Roman chant. Most recently, the president of the Brussels music school has tried to prove, that the collection of the Mass music belongs to the end of the seventh or the start of the eighth century with a considerable quantity of learning (1). The Gregorian chant was named after Pope St. Gregory, who was the bishop of Rome and was in power from 590 to 604 AD. According to Catholic custom, it is said that under divine encouragement, Pope St. Gregory composed at least some of the Gregorian chants. Pope St. Gregory, in due course, established a singing school. This was primarily because he wanted the chant to be sung as perfectly as possible. Choir singers and teachers of singing in the skill of chant were taught in this school. Those who were trained from this school were then sent into a variety of countries to teach the chant. Chant was established in the new countries, which transformed as well. This was how ultimately chant became known as Gregorian (Garno p20). People’s ideas about Gregorian chant were summed up in a gracious myth for more than a thousand years. This myth connected the music source to the actions of Gregory the great. The Carolingians put this in pictures. They showed the Holy Spirit, in the appearance of a dove, communicating musical issue to Gregory’s year and Gregory passing it on to writing engraves. At the early stages of antiphonies, Gregory’s work was also illustrated in poems that appeared outstandingly. This concept took hold of Gregorian chant with its eventual background in transmissions that were auditory rather than notational in the mid twentieth century that (Levy p4). Sunol argues that the art of mixing sounds and regulating their extent is what is termed as music in general. Sound is therefore, before all things, the substance

Global warming Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 2

Global warming - Research Paper Example While considering meat’s entire lifecycle, a meat eater is said to contribute to 1.5 tons more greenhouse gases per year compared to a vegetarian. This fact has been revealed by a study conducted by the University of Chicago (Michael, 2009). By contrast, changing to a hybrid Toyota Prius from a Toyota Camry is expected to help humans get rid of one ton of greenhouse gases per year (Michael, 2009). Global meat production is increasing every year. This is found to be adding more global warming gases. Therefore it is said that one of the easiest ways to decrease the collective greenhouse gas emissions is to consume less meat. Similarly every human activity is blamed to be causing global warming. These findings appear to be amusing when we properly understand the nature of the process, global warming. Global warming is believed to be primarily caused by carbon dioxide emitted into atmosphere through the use of fossil fuels in vehicles. However we forget that natural water cycle is causing much more carbon-dioxide to come in and out of the atmosphere. Even though we cannot deny that human activities are contributing to warming of earth, it would be wrong to comment that global warming is completely human-made. Some of the causes of global warming are in the arctic region. The polar ice caps melt faster than they get evaporated. This process would be reversed in ten to twenty years. Human activities are causing less than three percent of greenhouse gas release into the atmosphere. Average world temperature is gradually increasing; this process is happening in the last one million years. This is long back the human activities started on earth. Global warming has been happening long back industries started emitting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. We are of the belief that carbon dioxide released into the atmosphere today will negatively affect human beings several hundred years later. This is however not true. The lifespan of carbon dioxide is only 20 year s. After 20 years, the emitted carbon dioxide would completely disappear from atmosphere. Sun has little role in heating the atmosphere. The high frequency radiation of sun does not heat atmosphere. Hot bodies like sun cannot release low frequency radiation called infrared radiation. Rather, the heat from the sun heats the earth’s surface. This process reduces the radiation to infrared. Heat moves into the atmosphere by different processes like conduction, convection and evaporation. The infrared radiation gets absorbed by carbon dioxide. Instead, the sun’s rays heats the Earth’s surface, this weakens the radiation to infrared. From there it moves in to the earth’s atmosphere by any means necessary (Conduction, convection, evaporation). Then the inferred radiation is absorbed by the CO2. Almost 97 percent of the heat in the atmosphere is caused by evaporation or convection. Greenhouse gases are not responsible for this warming of atmosphere (Mintzer, 1992 ). The climatic changes of these ages are negligible compared to the climatic changes of the ancient periods (Mintzer, 1992) (Mike, 2006). Water evaporation is the chief cause of global warming. Water evaporation is causing global warming 100 times more than carbon dioxide emission (Mike, 2006). Human activities

Academic appeal letter Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Academic appeal letter - Essay Example I was elated as Nursing has always been my passion. During the last semester, I suffered from a number of health conditions including High Blood pressure (Medical note will be presented on request). This took a toll on me, I was unable to focus on my studies, my energy level consistently kept dropping and I had to invigorate myself, which was not easy. Towards the end of semester ----- in 20--- I experienced considerable stress due to the breakdown of my relationship with my husband. His long hours of work and rotating shifts coupled with my endeavor to succeed, created an isolation period in the relationship. This was an extremely traumatic time for me as there were times when I taught he was seeing someone else. In addition to my own feelings, I also had to provide support to my son who was also going through a difficult time in Texas, where I left him. I found it extremely difficult to concentrate on completing university requirements both in terms of how I was feeling and also my need to attend to practical elements of our relationship. I was diagnosed with depression (please see attached letter of support from my counsellor). Unfortunately on November 11, 2011, my mother-in-law passed away and I was obviously very distressed as she was much close to me. I accompanied my husband to Grenada for the burial, which gave me very little time to study for my finals. I was granted special considerations during the semester in the form of extensions to my assignments but unfortunately the biggest impact was on my exam preparation. I perhaps should have applied for deferred examinations but I felt that it was better to push on and keep myself occupied with my studies. Unfortunately my preparation was significantly impacted on, as was my exam performance. While I continue to experience the impact of my relationship breakdown, I believe that my situation has improved enough for me to

Organizational Behavior Apple vs Scania Essay Example for Free

Organizational Behavior Apple vs Scania Essay Organizational Behavior is a field of Study which investigates the impact that individuals groups and structure have on organizations, for the purpose of applying such knowledge towards improving organization effectiveness. (Huczynsky, 2010) The way people behave individually or collectively in order to reach a common goal. Organizational behavior includes in it such issues as organizational design, culture, Group decision making, teamwork and leadership. (Dictionary of Business and Management, 2009) In this report two companies Apple and Scania are compared to each other in terms of their organizational behavior such as: design, culture, structure leadership and etc. The report is written based on the two key studies provided in the assessment and via additional sources and researches. The report starts with brief information about the background of the companies. Further the companies are compared by applying theories such as: Continuum leadership theory of Tannenbaum and Schmidt, Abraham Maslow’s theory of hierarchy of needs, Managerial grid Leadership theory of Blake and Mouton, and etc. The team-work approaches in both of the companies are highly focused, discussed and followed by recommendations. Companies’ background. ‘A truly magical and revolutionary product. What this device does is extraordinary. It is the best browsing experience you’ve ever had†¦ It is unbelievably great†¦ A way better than laptop, way better than a Smartphone.’ Steve Jobs 2010 We could not even imagine how our phones and computers would look like today. The bulky and considered luxury machines are now innovated and updated devices owned by every single person and even few by each. One of the major roles in evolution of IT technology during all these years has the multinational American company called Apple. Established in 1976, the company was initially named Apple computer, Inc, but later on in 2007 it was renamed into just Apple. The company’s products are known as iPad, iPod, iPhone and Macintosh Computers or simply Mac Books. Apple has a very strong global market position as it has penetrated world’s biggest markets. According to the data provided in 2011, Apple has 46,600 full time employees around the world and 2,800 temporary full time employees and company’s sales are getting higher seasonally. Meanwhile Apple is considered to be a very successful company with a very high performance quality of its employees. (M. A. Lusted, 2012) Another Successful company taken its origin in Sweden and founded in 1891 is Scania. Scania is one of the largest and best Swedish heavy truck and bus Manufacture Company with globally recognized reputation. Scania’s products are created just the way their customers wish including in it Maximum use and minimum harm to the environment. Scania’s products are designed to consume less energy, less raw materials and chemicals in order to have as lower impact on environment as possible. Along with its reputation Scania makes high profits operating in more than 100 countries worldwide and employing 35,000 people worldwide. (Scania web, 2012) Analysis based on theories. According to the case study provided by Robins S and Jude T.A, the hierarchy did not work in most of the companies, but it is effective in case of Apple. Was that because Steve Jobs was a unique leader who could manage the whole company by his consistent innovative ideas? At the very beginning, Apple had a relatively flat and informal structure, but later on when Jobs was back into company in 1997, it was totally changed. If before the employees and managers gathered on Friday for a beer to discuss some issues and express their ideas and even complain, after the market became more saturated with competitors, Apple was focused on changing its structure to be able to compete, keep brand and control costs. Since than company improved and became a major part of the digital world. As a result of all these, the company’s plans and strategy was no longer discussed through the entire company and Jobs was the only generator of ideas proving the complete hierarchy. (Debra L. Nelson, James Campbell Quick, PH.D, 2011) Unlike Apple, Scania tens to rely less on hierarchy having a more flat company structure based on independent groups performances with the high concern on human factors and environmental issues. For example, Scania successfully uses the Sociothechnical systems theory where manager controls the environmental factors that influence the company’s internal operations and coordinates the social and technical subsystems. (Ricky W. Griffin, Gregory Moorhead, 2010) According to the Tannenbaum and Schmidt’s continuum theory of leadership behavior (1958, 1973) leaders should evaluate the situation before the implementation of a particular leadership styles. The continuum leadership behavior’s model theory is based on earlier studies focusing on the distinction of task versus employee or human orientations and demonstrates two types of leadership styles across the continuum: boss-centered (task) and subordinate-centered (relationship).( Borkowski, 2011). In the Apple’s situation, the decision maker or the decision ‘seller’ was Steve Jobs. During the all time when Jobs was the CEO of Apple, he was often called ‘dictator’ or ‘despot’. Jobs never asked anyone for feedback. However he could always instruct and simplify the capabilities of the complicated devices understandable only by its creators, he thought going around and asking his employees about the confusing functions of his product is useless. Instead, jobs played the device by, took notes of his reactions and considered it as the only necessary feedback required. (Leander Kahney, 2009) Whereas in Scania the entire company relies on customer feedback and development of stuff ideas so, if Apple has the structure where every single employee is responsible only for his part of job and has no chance to play any important role in making decisions, Scania has the structure there employees split into the groups brainstorm together on a certain idea or problem and together pick the optimal solutions. (Scania web, 2012) Based on all this we can assume that Apple is Boss-centered structured company and Scania is a more Subordinate-centered structured company. Figure 1.1 below demonstrates the locations of both Apple and Scania on a sample Continuum leadership behavior’s graph. According to the graph, where Apple is closely fitted in the total boss-centered area and Scania is fitted closer to the subordinate-centered area, the two companies are totally different in their structure and leadership, but at the same time both companies are successful and globally recognized and are in their maturity state today. In another words, Apple has an Autocratic leader, where he dictates and forces his employees or even threatens them to get the result his way, unlike Scania that has democratic leader who encourages participation in decision making and considers other’s feelings and seeks to satisfy most of parties.(Hungeryager and Heekman, 1967) Here comes the question: Despite the hierarchy and autocratic leadership in Apple and flat structured and democratic system in Scania, how come they both being so different be able to achieve goals having high employee performance? The best answer for this question would probably be the motivation which is present in both companies but caused by different factors. Humanity would not reach any level of development without the motivation. Abraham Maslow (1908-1970) introduced a theory focused on psychological need of employees divided into 5 levels forming a pyramid, and he believed that person needs all 5 to feel satisfied with his job. (Essentials of Management, 2009). Hierarchy: ‘Common, pyramid-like organization where one person is in charge of a functional area with one or more subordinates handling the sub-functions. In an hierarchical organization (whether business, military, political, or religious) higher levels imply greater superiority and domination than the lower ones, and the chain of command extends straight from the top to the bottom’. (Business Dictionary web, 2012) (Image extracted from googleimage.com) While applying the following theory on Apple, it is obvious that the employees in the company are approximately on the 4th level depending on their job position. But in general, with the reputation that Apple has worldwide everyone would be proud to be employed by such a company and motivated by the financial aspect. In fact, the way the pyramid narrows towards up, the same way, the number of people with those facilities narrows down. Even in case of Scania, though the employees might be satisfied with their job and status, they might be also distracted by family or any other personal issues which could make them feel de-motivated. Adam’s Equity theory states that, employees attempt to achieve some equity between input and output, and if there is a difference between input and output, such as output less than input, the employees performance quality tends to be lower due to his/her job dissatisfaction. In another words, all contributions should be fairly rewarded. Going back t o Apple can assume that there is a perfect balance between output and input. Having high salary makes the employees feel right about not taking any part in making decisions; in fact they might feel more relaxed for not having big responsibilities. But in Scania, while taking part in discussions and decision making, employees feel more important, motivated but on the other hand they feel more responsibility pressure because in negative outcomes they all will have to share the loses. Looking at it more general, the only fact that might motivate the employees in both companies is the money. Due to the economic downturn which caused high rate of unemployment, the fact that one has a job, already makes him/her feel satisfied, but not for long. Once people get used to their job and salary they start getting bored and de-motivated. According to Guardian 2012, ‘many of those who worked for Apple, feels cut off from the real world, suspended in a cultural vacuum inside the walls of the company’. The lack of communication with cooperatives, socializing and team-working leads to employees’ dissatisfaction. To avoid such errors, Scania depending on foreign labor, in order to keep high productivity level, created a humanization program which was to apply a new group assembly approach. The program was all about team-work and group decisions called Saab-Scania. The groups consisted of 5-12 people and were given the power to make decisions within the given limits. Along with production groups Scania formed development groups each composed of foreman, industrial engineers and representatives. Such groups were responsible for innovating and developing the new working methods favorable for the employees. As a result, such team-working approach saved productivity time, increased products’ quality and raised job satisfaction of the employees, so since this experiment Scania finds its success in team-working structure. (A.. Rashid, 1982) Coming back to apple, one could only add, that high productivity and quality with the lack of team-working, is being reached only by having continues innovations and strong brand position, simply strong marketing. Further analyzing the case of apple we can add that, a huge multinational company where everyone is responsible only for his bit of work, simply being a tiny replaceable detail of a mechanism, and where the main responsibility is on CEO, team-working is not that important as long as the company’s goals are being reached. The Managerial Grid or the grid theory now called as Leadership theory of Blake and Mouton states that there are two types of managers: concern for production and concern for people , and the perfect manager would be the who could exhibits both people and production concern. The leadership grid is graded from 1 to 9 from both axes identifying 5 main types of leaders: country club management, team management, middle-of-the-road management, impoverished management and authority management. (Miller, 2012) The grid looks as follow: Relying on the leadership grid, we can assume that Apple with the autocratic approach and higher concern on production and lower on people, is classified as a company with the Authority-Compliance Management leadership and Scania, deserving to be placed on the other side of the grid is a company with Team-management leadership, having high concern on people rather than on production. The modern team system of Scania is highly relied on cluster managers. The cluster manager is the manager who has overall responsibility for the team consisting of 20-25 employees. Each cluster consists of people with different experience and skills and trained before becoming fully operative. Often there are also small temporary teams. Thought the cluster has a manager, the employees have the sense of belonging to a team and having major role in it. A centered team-working structure helps the company to keep strong Company-oriented company culture. ‘No one must be able to say that is not my concern, I am not responsible for that’ said the senior manager of the company. Although Apple cannot boast with its tem-work management Leadership as Scania, it motivates the employees providing the opportunity to get promoted from an intern into a manager. The trainings provided free by Apple itself makes the process much easier for the employees. In addition, small competitions such as answering the most difficult question of the customers are followed by rewards. Another important fact is that, Apple provides large job opportunity to young students employing them, full-time, part-time or making them student representatives at their schools. (Apple Inc.’s Ethical Success and Challenges web, 2011) Conclusion While summing it all but, it is right to mention that, while comparing the companies and analyzing their organizational behaviors the total difference of the companies has been identified. Apple is a multinational autocratic company having high concern on production and lower concern on people, despite this it is able to motivate the employees by rewards, bonuses and promotion opportunities demonstrating itself as a creative company challenging for innovations with the strong belief in its successful bright future and seeking for the genus employees from young generation, to take part in those innovations. The case of Apple has proved that, the employees are not pressurized by dictator, as it is expected in an Authority-Manager company, but inspired to work with such unique leaders. Scania, along with its rich Swedish culture totally relays on the team-working manager Leadership with the ability to balance both concern for people and production and giving the employees the chance to feel themselves part of a whole mechanism. The management in Scania believes that, every employee in the company despite the job position should feel the responsibility and share it with the collogues and feel that he/she does not work for someone, but works together with everyone. Fortunately, for Scania being further from hierarchy unlike Apple, adds advantages in terms of organizational behavior, proving the democratic structure of the company, whereas Apple proves to be really a unique company for being able to success with deep hierarchy in it. Recommendations Thought Apple is satisfied with its production and the company in whole, it should also pay attention to its employees by providing them some other activities to make them feel as a team. For example, Apple could create groups or teams responsible not for the main operations of the organization, but side operations or project such as charity, where the employees could take part in decision making process without the involvement of CEO. Another option for Apple could be organizing research teams with team leaders, as employees feel more motivated when they are committed in the changes. Because the managers in Scania are very multinational, the company should pay attention to cultural difference of the employees. It would be very relevant to educate the cluster managers in terms of culture of the other members of the team and than sent them to the Angers plant. Obviously the expansion of company by creating more teams in Scania is advantageous on one hand, but on the other hand it makes the company’s structure too sophisticated and too massive and moreover, adding a new cluster may reduce the space of other clusters. That is why Clusters should be added within the limitations, or smaller groups should be created as smaller groups make better performance and make faster decisions. References Buchanon D. Huczynsky A. (2010) Organizational behavior, 7th ed. Harlow: Pearson/FT Prentice Hall Oxford, 2009, Dictionary of Business and Management, Oxford University Press, 5th ed. New York Leander Kahney (2009). Inside Steves Brain. US: penguin Group Debra L. Nelson, James Campbell Quick (2011). Organizational Behavior: Science, the Real World, and You. PhD Ricky W. Griffin, Gregory Moorhead (2010). Organizational Behavior: Managing People and Organizations. 10th ed. US: South-western Nancy Borkowski (2011). Organizational Behavior in Health Care. 2nd ed. LLC: Jones and Barlett Publishers Andrew Durbin (2009). Essentials of Management. US: South-western. Anwar Rashid (1982). organizational Behavior. 2nd ed. Canada: Methuen. 76-78 Katherine Miller (2012). Organizational Communication and Approaches and Processes. 6th ed. US: Wadsworth. M. A. Lusted (2012). Apple: The Company and its Visionary Founder, Steve Jobs. USA: ABDO. 9-22 A. Preston (2012). The Apple Revolution: Steve Jobs, the Counter Culture, and How the Crazy Ones Took Over the World by Luke Dormehl – review. Available: http://www.guardian.co.uk/books/2012/aug/10/apple-revolution-luke-dormehl-review. Last accessed 18th Dec 2012. Scania official web site. (2012). H istory. Available: http://www.scania.co.uk/about-scania/history/. Last accessed 22nd Dec 2012

The Silence Of The Lambs Essay -- Silence Lambs Cannibalism Essays

The Silence of The Lambs   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Clarice Starling, a student preparing for a life in the FBI, hunts a serial killer by use of vague information given to her by an incarcerated psychologist. Hannibal â€Å"The Cannibal† Lecter relays information to Clarice in exchange for information about herself. The killer, known only as "Buffalo Bill", kidnaps large women, keeps them alive for a few days, and finally skins them. Clarice works against time as Buffalo Bill takes his newest victim, a U.S. Senator's daughter, and the countdown to death begins. "The Silence of the Lambs" was chosen for the title because it is Clarice Starling's ultimate goal for the bloodcurdling screams of the lambs in her nightmares to cease. When she was younger, she witnessed the slaughtering of a herd of lambs and to this day she awakens horrified some nights to escape the nightmares that she so longs to end. She believes deep down that if she catches Buffalo Bill herself she will sleep soundly in the silence of the lambs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  My first interpretation of Clarice was that she was very bright and observant. She reads people very well and is quick to make an accurate judgement, as in with Frederick Chilton, the prison warden. I believed that she was a very strong woman and was very careful to appear that way to others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Clarice Starling did have a large change in herself. She began the story with a careful mentality; a risk would have been unheard of. She was always making sure she w...

Legalization of Marijuana Essay -- Argumentative Persuasive Drug Histo

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  For decades the marijuana prohibition has been violating individual’s rights, but scientific research has proven that marijuana has therapeutic uses and is harmless compared to other drugs. Therefore, marijuana should not be considered a dangerous drug and should be legalized. The prohibition of marijuana did not end with crime; nonetheless, it is responsible for the imprisonment of thousands of its users. The government’s campaign against marijuana has also created cultural factors that make the use of marijuana socially unacceptable. However, it should be up to each individual to decide if he/she wants to use marijuana whether it is for pleasure or for therapeutic reasons.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The legalization of marijuana has been strongly debated since the 1920s and 1930s, when it was first recognized as a dangerous drug, and tabloid newspapers popularized exaggerated stories of violent crimes allegedly committed by immigrants intoxicated by marijuana (Grinspoon, Marihuana Reconsidered 118). In 1937, the Marihuana Tax Act was signed to prohibit the use of marijuana because marijuana supposedly caused violent crimes, â€Å"sexual excess,† addiction, and led to the use of harder drugs (Grinspoon, Marihuana Reconsidered 118). In the 1970s, the government created the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) to study the effects of marijuana (Weir 26). The NIDA published many claims concerning marijuana use, but they did not have evidence to support their claims (Weir 26). This misinformation and the government’s campaign against marijuana made the legalization of marijuana impossible. Marijuana is a harmless drug, but it has not been legalized because people believe most of the anti-marijuana claims. Research studies have proven that marijuana helps the individual experience a sense of well being, relieves fatigue, stimulates the appetite, and induces a feeling of mild stimulation (McDonough 50). Another advantage of marijuana is that experienced users can control the degree and quality of the intoxication by â€Å"coming down† when it is necessary to perform (McDonough 50). Marijuana does not cause sexual excess because daily use of marijuana has not been found to alter testosterone or other sex hormone levels like alcohol use, which lowers testosterone levels (Grinspoon, â€Å"Whither Medical Marijuana† 28). Marijuana is not an addictive drug. National epidemiological sur... ...ugh it is harmless and has medical uses (â€Å"NORML Report on Marijuana†). Over ten million people use marijuana regularly even though it is illegal, which clearly shows that the government’s anti-marijuana campaign has been useless (â€Å"NORML Report on Marijuana†). The government should stop spending scarce federal funds on the campaign against marijuana, and use that money to conduct more research so that the Food and Drug Administration can approve the legalization of marijuana (Grinspoon, â€Å"Whither Medical Marijuana† 27). No amount of research is likely to show that marijuana is as dangerous as tobacco and alcohol because marijuana is a harmless drug. If marijuana had official medical uses, then people would be more likely to accept it. Also, the legalization of marijuana would be regulated so it would not be a threat to society and its users. There are many people who need the legalization of marijuana for medical reasons, but people who us e it for â€Å"fun† also have a right to use it without fearing to be arrested. Marijuana should be legalized for all citizens in the United States, and it should be up to each individual to decide if he/she wants to use marijuana, not the government.

Change Management Simulation Essay

As CEO and founder of Spectrum Sunglass Company, I want to bring a change in the company that can make the company and its products more environmentally sustainable. To do that, I need to convince 20 managers at Spectrum to adopt my initiative in 96 weeks. And I used 85 weeks to reach that goal. Here’s what I did. At the beginning, I want to let them be aware of this initiative as soon as possible, so my first 3 choices are to issue e-mail notice, walk the talk and hold town hall meetings,and I thought that would be a good way to start. But result is not good at all, no one seems to be affected, at that moment I noticed how difficult it is to bring a change into the company, no one wants to move from their confortable position, and they would pay no attention to what I said, I need put more devotion into it. After wasting 5 weeks, I start to conduct private interviews with 4 top managers to let them know this change project and to see what their opinions, the first conduct makes 6 people enter the awareness stage, and I got 4 different opinions. Then I spend week 6 to get consultant’s support and makes one person into the interest stage, because sometimes outside experts can gain the attention of organizational member better than internal authorities can. At week 8, I privately confronted the resister Andrew Chen who is the general counsel of the company, trying to persuade him since he plays such an important role in the company, but I failed, I think it is because I still have nothing to show him that I’m right, maybe after a short-term win of this change he may change his mind. At week 9, I conducted private interviews and got 5 people enter the awareness stage and 1 person enters the interest stage. And at week 10, I told a â€Å"success† story to 3 people, because I think the example of other companies that benefit from sustainability would make them interest in this project, and it turned out to make 1 person enter the interest stage and 1 person enters trial stage. Then I used private interviews and â€Å"success† stories alternatively though week 11 to week 15, because both of them took only one week to complete, so this would be the most efficient way to lead people into the awareness stage and make this awareness into interest, it turned out that I’m right and I successfully bring 9 people into awareness stage and 6 people into interest stage. And so far all 20 managers have been aware of this change project. At Week 16, I provided internal skill- building to show those who are willing to change the way to adopt this project, and I made 1 person enter the trial stage. At week 18 I decided to issue an e-mail notice, by now they should pay some attention to the context of this e-mail, and it made 1 person entered the interest stage. At week 19, I conducted a pilot project, hoping to achieve a short-term win that can nourish faith in the change efforts, and the results are that 1 person entered the interest stage, 1 person entered the trail stage and first person entered the adoption stage. At week 25, I conduct private interviews again and made 1 person enter the interest stage. And week 26, I privately confront resister Pal D’Arcy hoping that he may change his mind, but he didn’t. At week 27, I walked the talk and show them the actions aligned with the change initiative, and make 3 people enter the interest stage and 4 people enter the trial stage. At week 29, I recognized an adopter and hoping this would have an influence on others, but it only made one person enter the interest stage. At week 32, I provided external skill-building and made one trainee enter the trial stage and one enter the adoption stage. At week 36 I hold town hall meetings to communicate the change vision, and it made 3 people into the interest stage and 3 people into the trial stage. At week 38, I post progress reports and made 1 person into the trial stage. From week 39 to week 45, I choose to build a coalition of support and recognized an adopter, because I think it would bring the coalition members, the adopter and their friends into adoption stage, however, it affected no one, the reason is still unknown. At week 46, privately confronting resister still didn’t work. At Week 47, I told a â€Å"success† story again and made 1 person enter the adoption stage. At Week 48, I announced goals and deadlines to provide a target to aim for, but no one was affected, goals and deadlines may be to early to set. At week 52, I decided to walk the talk again, and got 2 people enter the trial stage and 4 people enter the adoption stage, the visible actions really worked. At week 55, I post progress reports to all, and made 2 people enter the trial stage. From week 56 to week 62, I conducted private interviews and pilot project but didn’t work. At week 63, I clarify organization values and made 1 person enter the trial stage and 8 people into the adoption stage, this is a big achieve, and I believe a change sticks when it melt into the company’s culture. At week 71, I tried to hold town hall meetings to make the last 4 people adopt but I failed. At week 73, I revise reward system to stimulate them and success at week 85. It took me 85 weeks to successfully convince all 20 managers to adopt this change, less than 96 weeks, so I think I’m a qualified change agent. However, I also take a lot of invalid actions and wasted a lot of time, so I’m not that efficient. If I can do it all over again, I will begin with private interviews, and avoid the invalid actions (though I still have no idea why some of these actions have no affect on any managers), and I will take the relationship network in to consideration when I make choice. I’m sure the result would be much better. This change management simulation and readings of 5 articles taught me a lot as a change agent in a company. First of all, I find that making a change happen is much more difficult than I thought, we all want benefits of change, but we are afraid of failure, so we prefer to stand at the comfortable position and refuse to move forward. As a change agent, I much help others to overcome these difficulties. To do that, I must understand the heart of change first. People will not be changed by what they are told, they can only be changed by what they believe, so I must find a right way to make them believe in this change initiative. And there are 8 steps I learned and used in this simulation. First is to create a sense of urgency, in the simulation I conducted private interviews with every one of 19 managers, trying to make them have this feeling of urgency. Second is to form a guiding team, in the simulation, I tried to approach those who are positive about this change first, and then pulled some of them as a guiding team. Then creating clear, simple visions and strategies. And the fourth one is to communicate the visions through simple messages, e-mail is a good way of communication in the simulation, but first I need to make them read and think about the e-mail I sent. The fifth is to empower people by removing obstacles to the vision, like providing internal and external skill-building in the simulation. The sixth one is to create short-term win, like conducting pilot project in the simulation, and this made people be more faithful about this change project and may change the resister’s mind. The seventh one is to maintain momentum, this is achieved by revise the reward system that encourage people to change in the simulation. The last one is to make change stick, and the best way to do that is to make this changed value be a part of culture of companies, like restructuring organization in simulation. I did the change management simulation as the CEO of the company, so the high authority in the company and good credit among the employees help me a lot to success. I think there would be more challenge if I were just a normal manager in the company.

Legal Aid

â€Å"It is difficult to judge the success of reforms in legal aid provision as we lack agreement on the aims and objectives of a legal aid system†. Discuss. INTRODUCTION Legal aid helps with the costs of legal advice for people who can’t afford it. If anyone needs help with the costs of legal advice, he can apply for legal aid. Whether he   will receive it depends on: the type of legal problem he has; his income (how much he earn) and how much capital (money, property, belongings) he has; whether there is a reasonable chance of winning his case and whether it is worth the time and money needed to win.The legal aid scheme was set up after World War 2 by the  Legal Aid and Advice Act 1949[1]  in UK. The Legal Aid system was mainly introduced to help people who otherwise would not be able to afford it, to gain access the courts. It therefore enabled them to get a fair hearing and resolve legal problems. Legal Aid is central to a society based on social justice. It i s there to help everyone who really needs it. And by reducing discrimination based on a person’s financial standing, it enables fair access for all to the courts.We have to remember that before Legal Aid was introduced, many people could not afford to get the protection of our legal system due to the high costs involved. Thus, the aim of the Legal Services Commission[2]  is to make quality legal aid accessible to everyone thereby ensuring effective delivery of justice and legal advice. The aims and objectives of it are, * help people to resolve their legal problems as soon as possible * make it easier for people to get legal help especially if they belong to a disadvantaged group * help people find alternatives to going to court Provide a high quality legal service. HISTORY OF LEGAL AID SYSTEM Prior to  Access to Justice Act (AJA) – 1999[3]  in UK, legal aid service was based upon demand laid system. The system became increasingly expensive to run while catering for fewer and fewer people. In 1950, 80% of the community was covered by legal aid provision. In 1998, the provision of legal aid had fallen to less than 40%[4]. From the mid 1980s, various Lord Chancellor tried to reform the system. Their task was made acute by the fact that expenditure on legal aid doubled to ? 1. 4 billion over a four year period to 1995.A variety of reforms were attempted. Payment systems were changed, eligibility criteria revised and control shifted from the Law Society to the Legal Aid Board (Legal Aid Act 1998)[5]. In 1997, Labour government suggested that there might be a change in the direction of legal aid policy[6]. A number of the changes have been made by the  Children Act – 1989[7]  and the  Courts and Legal Services Act – 1990[8]. In 1993, two significant changes were made. Standard fees for criminal legal aid in the Magistrates Courts were introduced and the practice of franchising was initiated.However, over the past seven years, the cost of civil and family legal aid had tripled which meant; the taxpayers were paying more and getting less in return. The problem was not simply the rising costs. As fewer people were becoming eligible for legal aid, it would appear that expenditure was not accompanied by an increase in value for money. Therefore, in 1996, Lord Mackay capped the legal aid budget[9]. CHANGES AND ADVANTAGES IN LEGAL AID SYSTEM Following the  Access to Justice (AJA) Act – 1999, there had been many changes in legal aid system in UK.Access to Justice (AJA) Act – 1999  established a Legal Service Commission[10](LSC) to maintain and develop the Community Legal Service[11]  (CLS), replaced of civil legal aid and Criminal Defense Service, replaced of criminal legal aid. Section 5 of Access to Justice Act (AJA) – 1999[12]  provides the budget for the Legal Service Commission (LSC) to maintain the Community Legal Service (CLS) fund. The Legal service Commission (LSC) funds th ese services by entering into contracts with solicitors by way of a franchise. The main aim for introducing the franchise scheme was to secure value for money.Therefore, if solicitors feel that there are few chances of success in a case, they are deterred from expending money given to them by the Legal Service Commission (LSC). Thus, this leads to effective fund management on the part of the solicitors. Those who are ineligible for public funding, have to pay privately for legal services and this can be expensive. For this reason, the Lord Chancellor has developed the Conditional Fee Arrangement (CFA), which is a no win, no fee basis[13]. It was introduced by the Courts and Legal Services Act 1990 and was extended recently by the  Access to Justice Act (AJA) – 1999.However, it does not apply in criminal case, family case etc. Under the  Access to Justice Act (AJA) – 1999, not only the court can order a losing party to pay the costs and success fee to the winning pa rty, but it is also possible, by virtue of  Section 29, Access to Justice Act (AJA) – 1999[14], to ensure against losing a case, which if won, the court may order the losing party to pay the cost of the insurance premiums. The Criminal Defense Service[15]  (CDS) was established under  Section 12 Access to Justice Act (AJA) – 1999[16]  for the purpose of securing those individuals who are involved in criminal investigations or criminal proceedings.They have access to ‘such advice, assistance and representation as the interests of justice require’. It is funded in a similar way as Community Legal Service (CLS), by the issue of franchise contracts, grants or loans or through the establishing and maintaining of advice and assistance bodies. Moreover, a duty solicitor scheme, which is free, is available to those people who are arrested and held in custody at a police station. LIMITATIONS OF ACCESS TO JUSTICE ACT (AJA) – 1999 However, despite the above, the legal aid service is still not very effective. There are lack of commitment and poor communication from the lawyers.Community centers and Law centers are more effective in providing help and assistance. There are lack of advisers in areas like social security, housing, disability discrimination, employment and immigration. There is a distinct problem of ‘Access to Justice’ in certain where there are no solicitors who do publicly-funded work. Even, those solicitors who do publicly-funded work cut back on the number of cases they take on due to low rates of pay. Beside, the statutory charge may mean that a claimant may have nothing left even though he/she has won the case. CARTER REVIEWIn 2006, Lord Carter, in his review, drew attention to the need to continue reforming legal aid[17]. The review was concerned with the design of an efficient procurement system that also contained quality guarantees. Thus, it was based on the notion of an open and responsive mark et. The review argued that cost increases because of systematic weakness in the way legal aid services are procured and therefore, inefficiencies increases in the way the services are delivered. The Carter review recommended that fees should be paid on a fixed or graduated scale. However, fixed fees will impact negatively on advice, particularly in more complex cases.This will eventually result into work being done by para-legals and less qualified advice workers. Some research available to Carter Review suggested that whereas small firms could provide criminal legal aid in an efficient manner, larger firms were not able to do the same. This would suggest that further research would be required on the impact of reform as it might drive out of the market those very firms that were best suited to provide value for money in provision of legal service. CONCLUSION Implementation of legal aid act in both developed and underdeveloped countries indicates government’s willingness to s erve the poor.However, the government must also ensure that the act is regularly reviewed to address loopholes. The Government should follow a strategy of continuous improvement. In order to judge the success of reforms in legal aid provision, it is necessary to first establish a set of criteria against which it will be evaluated. These criteria should be set by the Government officials, Judges, and Legal Aid experts. Few criteria that could be used to evaluate the system are given below. * Administrative efficiency with focus on the procedural aspects of legal aid applications. Easy access to the courts irrespective of claimant’s or defendant’s financial means. * Initiative to create awareness in rural areas, especially in under-developed countries. * Effect of legal aid on tax payers. It is also essential to have accessible legal aid services beyond the government organizations. An active partnership between and NGO and a government agency can play a very significant role in social service delivery. They compensate for each other’s weaknesses and deficiencies. However, the government has to balance the needs for legal aid with the pressuring needs of other social services such as healthcare and education.

The Stone Boy

Essay – The stone boy. In this essay, would I like to discuss how the way his family neglects Arnold can affect him in the future. The story is set in the south part of the USA where we meet the following characters, Arnold and Eugene on their way out early in the morning. The two boys are on their way out to the lake, where they are going to pick peas and if they are luckily, to shoot some ducks. Arnold has got a 22-caliber rifle, which he got from his father and on their way to the lake, when passing under some wires the rifle got stuck in it and ended up killing Eugene. When telling his parents about the incident they didn’t believed him. Shortly after the sheriff and the father bring Arnold in to town, they didn’t believe it was an accident but that he had planed everything. In The Stone Boy we meet a little boy by the name Arnold, who’s only 9 years old. He is a young, happy boy who looked up to his brother[1]. But something went awry when his brother got killed. He went into a state of shock that instead of calling for his father to help Eugene so that he could maybe survive, just went on picking peas. Furthermore his state of shock became worse when he was brought to the sheriff’s office for a hearing; In there, the sheriff questions Arnold about things, like why he was carrying a . 22-caliber rifle, if him and his brother where good friends, how it happened ect. But then the sheriff began pinpointing his questions, like why he didn’t call for help and why he kept on picking peas for an hour could Arnold not answer the question. Which made it seem obvous, to the sherrif and the father, that the boy might have killed Eugie for the sake of pleasure that and that accusation made Arnold look as an evil young boy[2]. The way the grownups handled the situation was poorly. The boy at only nine years gets questions thrown at him. â€Å"â€Å"I came down to pick peas,† he said. â€Å"What’s that got to do with it? † â€Å"It’s better to pick peas while they’re cool. † Those where the last words Arnold said at the sheriff’s office, before he was look upon as cruel and didn’t care about his brother. [3] The relationship between Mother and Arnold in The Stone Boy is not how it should be. At page 4 from line 116 and till the end of the page you see how Arnold’s mother is ignoring him. Putting her hands over her face to cover her eyes from meeting her on sons’ and ignoring him when he tries to come in to his mother at night to find closure, you can’t do anything, but feel sad for poor Arnold. If a child breaks something or looses something they should be scolded, but getting angry at a 9 year old child because for an accident no matter size and treating the child as a murderer because of his reaction should not be the answer. Arnold’s mother should have thought about that, because he was in grief and wanted her to be there, and maybe hold him in her arms and tell him that everything is going to be okay. But unfortunately she doesn’t do that and that becomes a consequence. The Stone Boy is written in a subjective 3rd-person. When I say subjective, I mean that the narrator only lets us see what Arnold is thinking while commenting throughout the story. An example could be; â€Å"Then he went out the door and down the back steps legs trembling from the fright his answer gave him. †[4] This is where his mother asked him what it was he wanted from her the night before, when she didn’t let him into her room. You can begin to see how he is affected by everything that has happened. That night she didn’t let him in, changed him because of the way he is emotionally. The themes that are mostly seen in The Stone Boy: †¢ Death: which we have seen throughout the story; the death of Eugene and mostly the death of himself. †¢ Identity/Failure: by the end of the story, Arnold has transformed himself into the â€Å"stone boy† referred to in the title. Yet, he doesn’t do so because he feels himself unable to experience emotions and share feelings; he does so because he realizes that this is how his family looks at him. Violence: the sheriff judges Arnold, defining him as a cold-blooded, merciless monster; everyone present feels the chill of his words. The sheriff's next words tell a grim future for Arnold. The Stone Boy covers most of the story, like I mentioned in the ‘themes’ section, about how the people around him, made him become this cynical ‘stone boy’ no matter what he does from that day on (after Eugeneâ₠¬â„¢s death) won’t change anything, because the environment has become ‘blinded’ by his emotional state. While reading the text, I found besides the misery, sadness and neglect, there was a very important massage and a big question; â€Å"Why was there a weapon at home and at a place where children could easily reach? † It wasn’t the boys fault but the parents. By that said no need to write more than that. ———————– [1] The Stone Boy – page 1. [2] The Stone Boy – page 4, line 106. [3] The Stone Boy – page 4, line 112. [4] The Stone Boy – page 5, line 142-143